Chapter 10 - Classification of Microorganisms Flashcards
Classification is accomplished through ___________
taxonomy
_____________ is the science of classification
taxonomy
____________ is a class, group, or category of something that gets organized in some ranked order
taxon/taxa
____________ is a scientist who studies classification.
taxonomist
____________ shows the evolutionary relationship between organisms in a group, which is usually shown by evolutionary trees to see similarities and differences.
phylogeny
____________ is a two part naming system for living organisms that consists of a Genus name followed by a species name.
binomial nomenclature
____________ is the highest taxon for classification purposes.
Domain
All cells came from a common ancestor cell called, ____________
Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA)
____________ contains no peptidoglycan in the cell walls and contains microbes that live in extreme habitats.
Domain Archaea
____________ contain cell walls with peptidoglycan and contains microbes that live in normal habitats.
Domain Bacteria
MATCH TO KINGDOM: E. coli
Kingdom Monera
MATCH TO KINGDOM: Amoeba
Kingdom Protista
MATCH TO KINGDOM: Yeast and Mold
Kingdom Fungi
____________ are a group of organisms that differ from each other but yet are closely related to each other genetically
Eukaryotic species
____________ are a population of bacterial cells with similar characteristics, but are not identical.
Prokaryotic species
____________ are population of bacterial cells derived from a single parent cell; are genetically identical
clones
____________ members of a clone (species) that are not genetically identical anymore because clones genetically diverged over time through genetic mutations.
Subspecies/strains/serovar
____________ (method) looks at shape, size, and arrangement of bacteria.
Morphological characteristics
____________ (method) uses gram staining of bacterial cell wall to observe the chemical composition of the cell wall (amount of peptidoglycan)
Differential staining
____________ (method) uses pair questions with yes or no answers to determine metabolic characteristics of bacteria
Biochemical Tests
____________ (method) helps differentiate amount strains within a species by analyzing DNA sequence of the microbe.
Serology
____________ (method) makes many copies of a specific DNA segment from a single copy of DNA sequence.
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
____________ (method) provides systematic schemes for identifying unknown bacteria.
Bergeys Manual of Determinative Bacteriology (textbook/manual)
