Chapter 10 - Energy Flashcards
(25 cards)
Potential (stored) energy
energy that has the potential to do work and so the energy is ‘stored’, such as gravitational energy, elastic energy and chemical energy
Gravitational Energy
energy stored due to the height of an object above a base level
Elastic Energy
the potential energy stored in a stretched elastic material
Chemical Energy
potential energy derived from chemical reactions
Electrical Energy
the energy made available by the flow of electric charge through a conductor
Kinetic Energy
energy due to the motion of an object
Heat (thermal) energy
Heat released when producing energy
Sound Energy
Vibrations of particles in the air
Law of Conservation of Energy
A theory that Energy can’t be destroyed or created
Efficiency
the fraction of energy supplied to a device as useful energy. It is usually expressed as a percentage.
Conduction
transfer of heat through collisions between particles
Convection
transfer of heat through the flow of particles
Radiation
a method of heat transfer that does not require particles to transfer heat from one place to another
Reflected
bounced off
Transmitted
passed through something, such as light or sound passing through air
Absorbed
taken in
Insulator
a material that is a poor conductor of heat
Luminous
releasing its own light
Incandescent
describes objects that emit light when they are hot
Bioluminescent
describes living things that release light energy
Non-luminous
describes objects that do not emit their own light, but can be seen by reflected light
Vibrations
repeated fast, back-and-forth movements
Compression
the process of pushing a material into itself
Rarefaction
in sound waves, the layers of air particles that are spread apart (between compressions)
