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Anatomy > Chapter 10 Flash Cards > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flash Cards

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0
Q

Arrector pili muscle

A

Small involuntary muscles in the base of the hair follicle that causes goose flesh when the appendages contract sometimes called goosebumps and papillae

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1
Q

Apocrine glands

A

Coiled structures attached to the hair follicles found in the under arm and genital areas that secrete sweat

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2
Q

Barrier function

A

Protective barrier of the epidermis the corneum and interstellar matrix protects the surface from irritation and dehydration

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3
Q

Ceramides

A

Glycolipid Materials that are a natural part of skin intercellular matrix and barrier function

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4
Q

Collagen

A

Fibrous connective tissue is made from a protein found in the riticular layer of the dermis gives the skin it’s firmness topically a large long chain molecular protein that lies on top of the skin and Bynes water derived from the placentas of cows or other sources

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5
Q

Corneocytes

A

Harden waterproof protective keratinocytes these dead proteins cells are dried out and lack nuclei

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6
Q

Dermal papillae

A

Membranes of bridges and grooves that attached to the epidermis container mending and supplies nerve endings through capillaries to skin and follicles

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7
Q

Dermis

A

Also known as the derma corium cutis board true skin support layer of connective tissue you collagen and elastin below the epidermis

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8
Q

Desmosomes

A

The structures that assistant holding cells together intercellular connections made of proteins

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9
Q

Eccrine glands

A

Sweat glands found all over the body with openings of the skin surface through pours not attached to her follicles secretions do not produce an offensive odor

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10
Q

Elastin

A

Protein fiber found in the dermis give skin it’s elasticity and firmness

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11
Q

Epidermal growth factor

A

EGF Stimulates cell to reproduce and heal

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12
Q

Epidermis

A

Outermost layer of the skin then protective layer with many cells mechanisms and nerve endings it is made up of five layers stratum corneum, stratum lucid im, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum germinativum

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13
Q

Eumelanin

A

A type of melanin that is dark brown to black and color people with dark colored skin mostly produce eumelanin the other type is pheomelanin

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14
Q

Fibroblasts

A

Cells that stimulates cell collagen and amino acids that form proteins

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15
Q

Follicles

A

Hair follicles and sebaceous follicles are tubelike openings in the epidermis

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16
Q

Glycation

A

Caused by an elevation in blood sugar glycation is the binding of the protein molecule to a glucose molecule resulting in the formation of damage nonfunctioning structures known as advanced glycation end products (aka AGES) glycation alters protein structures and decreases biological activity

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17
Q

Hair papillae

A

Cone shaped elevations at the base of the follicle that fit into the hair bulb. The papillae are filled with tissue that contains the blood vessels and sells necessary for hair growth and follicle nourishment

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18
Q

Hyaluronic acid

A

Hydrating fluid found in the skin Hydrophilic agent with water binding properties

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19
Q

Hydrolipidic

A

Hydrolipidic film is an oil and water balance that protects the skin surface

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20
Q

Intercellular matrix

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A

Lipid substances between corneum cells that protects cells from water loss and irritation

21
Q

Keratin

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A

Fibrous protein of cells but is also the principal component of skin hair and nails provides resiliency and protection

22
Q

Keratinocytes

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A

Epidermal cells composed of keratin lipids another proteins

23
Q

Langerhans immune cells

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A

Guard cells of the immune system that sense and recognized foreign invader such as bacteria and then processes antigens for removal through the lymph system

24
Leukocytes
White blood cells that have enzymes to digest and kill bacteria and parasites these white blood cells also respond to allergies
25
Lymph vessels
Located in the dermis the supply nourishment within the skin and remove waste
26
Melanin
Tiny grains of pigment that are produced by melanocytes and deposited into cells of the stratum germinativum layer of the epidermis and in the papillary layer of the dermis it is a protein that determines hair eyes and skin color a defense mechanism to protect skin from the sun
27
Melanocytes
Cells that produce skin pigment granules in the basal layer
28
Melanosomes
Pigment carrying granules that produce melanin a complex proteins
29
Papillary layer
Top layer of the dermis next to the epidermis
30
Pheomelanin
A type of melanin that is red and yellow in color people with light-colored skin mostly produce pheomelanin there are two types of melanin the other is eumelanin
31
Pores
Tube like opening for sweat glands on the epidermis
32
Reticular layer
Deep layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients contains fat cells blood vessels sudoriefous (sweat) glands hair follicles lymph vessels arrest or pili muscles sebaceous (oil) glands and nerve endings
33
Rosacea
Chronic condition that appears primarily on the cheeks and nose and is characterized by flushing (redness) telangiecasis
34
Sebaceous glands
Also known as oil glands protect the surface of the skin. Sebaceous glands are appendages connected to follicles
35
Sebum
Oil that provides protection for the epidermis from external factors and lubricates both the skin & hair
36
Stratum corneum
Aka, the horny layer outermost layer of the epidermis composed of corneosytes
37
Stratum germinativum
Also known as basal layer active layer of the epidermis above the papillary layer of the dermis cell mitosis takes place here that produces new epidermal skin cell and is responsible for growth
38
Stratum granulosum
Also known as granular layer layer of the epidermis composed of cells build with keratin that resemble granules replaces cell shed from the stratum cornium
39
Stratum lucidum
Clear transparent layer of the epidermis under the stratum cornium thickest on the palms of hands and soles of feet
40
Stratum spinosum
Also known as spiny layer layer of the epidermis above the Stratham germinativum (basil) layer containing desmosomea the intercellular connections made of proteins
41
Subcutaneous layer
Also known as hypodermis subcutaneous adipose that tissue located Bonita the dermis a protective cushion and energy storage for the body
42
Subcutis tissue
Also known as out of post tissue fatty tissue found below the dermis that gives smoothness and Contor to the body contains fat for uses energy and also acts as a protective cushion for the outer skin
43
Sudoriefous glands
Also known as sweat glands excrete perspiration regulate body temperature and detoxify the body by excreting excess salt and unwanted chemicals
44
T-cells
Identify molecules that have foreign peptides and also help regulate immune response
45
Telangiectasia
Capillaries would've been damaged and are now larger or distended blood vessels commonly called couperose skin
46
Transepidermal water loss
TEWL water loss caused by evaporation on the skin surface
47
Tyrosinase
The enzyme that stimulates melanocytes and this produces melanin
48
UVA radiation
Also known as aging rays longer wavelength raging between 320 and 400 nm that penetrate deeper into the skin then UVB cause genetic damage and cell death UBA contribute up to 90% of the suns ultraviolet radiation
49
UVB Radiation
Also known as burning raise UVB wavelength range between 290 and 320 nm UVB rays have shorter burning wavelengths that are stronger and more damaging than UVA rays UBB causes burning of the skin as well as tanning skin aging and cancer

Anatomy (2 decks)

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