Chapter 10 Flashcards
(20 cards)
Multi-User
Two or more users have individual accounts that allow them to work with programs
and peripheral devices at the same time.
Multitasking
The computer is capable of operating multiple applications at the same time.
Multiprocessing
The operating system can support two or more CPUs.
Multithreading
A program can be broken into smaller parts that are loaded as needed by the
operating system. Multithreading allows different parts of a program to be run at the same time.
Master Boot Record
The MBR contains information on how the hard drive partitions are organized. The
MBR is 512 bytes long and contains the boot loader, an executable program that allows a user to choose
from multiple operating systems. MBR is commonly used in computers with BIOS-based firmware.
GUID Partition Table
Also designed as a partition table scheme standard for hard drives, the GPT
makes use of a number of modern techniques to expand on the older MBR partitioning scheme. GPT is
commonly used in computers with UEFI firmware.
FAT32
Supports partition sizes up to 2 TB or 2,048 GB. Used by
Windows XP and earlier OS versions.
NTFS
Supports partition sizes up to 16 exabytes, in theory. NTFS
incorporates file system security features and extended attributes.
FAT 64
Created to address some of the limitations of FAT, FAT32, and NTFS when
formatting USB flash drives, such as file size and directory size. One of the primary advantages of
exFAT is that it can support files larger than 4GB.
CDFS
Created specifically for optical disk media.
NFS
NFS is a network-based file system, that allows file access over the
network. NFS is an open standard which allows anyone to implement it.
Network Installation
This includes Preboot
Execution Environment (PXE) Installation,
Unattended Installation, and Remote
Image-Based Internal partition Installation
This is a Windows image stored on an internal
(often hidden) partition that can be used to
restore Windows to its original state when it
was shipped from the factory.
Other Types of Custom Installations
This
includes Windows Advanced Startup Options,
Refresh your PC (Windows 8.x only), System
Restore, Upgrade, Repair installation, Remote
network installation, Recovery partition, and
Refresh/restore.
In-place upgrade
This will update the OS and
migrate apps and settings to the new OS. The
System Center Configuration Manager
(Configuration Manager) task sequence can be
used to completely automate the process.
When upgrading Windows 7 or Windows 8 to
Windows 10, the Windows installation program
(Setup.exe) will perform an in-place upgrade,
which automatically preserves all data, settings,
applications, and drivers from the existing OS
version.
Clean Install
Another way to upgrade to a
newer version of Windows is to perform a clean
upgrade. Because a clean install will wipe the
drive completely, all files and data should be
saved to some form of backup drive.
Safe Mode
A diagnostic mode used to
troubleshoot Windows and Windows startup.
Functionality is limited as many device
drivers are not loaded.
Safe Mode with Networking
Starts
Windows in Safe Mode with networking
support.
Safe Mode with Command Prompt
Starts
Windows and loads the command prompt
instead of the GUI.
Last known Good Configuration
Loads
the configuration settings that were used the
last time that Windows started successfully.
