Chapter 10: Gas Laws

Question 0

What is KMT based on

Answer 0

The concept that all particles of matter are in constant motion

Question 1

Define KMT

Answer 1

Explains the properties of solids, liquids, and gases in terms of their Kinetic energy and the forces which act upon them

Question 2

What are gases made of according to KMT

Answer 2

Large number of tiny particles that are far apart, relative to their size

Question 3

How do gases move (3)

Answer 3

Constant, rapid, and random motion

Question 4

How do gas particles act with each other

Answer 4

Do not attract nor repel each other, only collide and bounce off each other

Question 5

What does the KE of gas molecules depend on

Answer 5

Depends on their temp

Question 6

Define elastic collisions

Answer 6

No loss of KE, the energy lost by the striking particles is gained entirely by the particle that is hit or by the wall if the container

Question 7

What do gas particles collide with

Answer 7

Each other and the walls they are contained in

Question 8

Describe the shape or volume of a gas

Answer 8

Take the shape and volume of whatever they are contained in

Question 9

Why do gases take on the shape and volume of their container

Answer 9

They have no shape or volume

Question 10

Why do gases flow

Answer 10

The attractive forces between the particles are insignificant

Question 11

Why do liquids flow

Answer 11

The attractive forces are weak

Question 12

Why don’t solids flow

Answer 12

Their attractive forces are strong

Question 13

Compare the density of gas to liquid/solid

Answer 13

Gas is 1/1000 that of a solid/liquid

Question 14

Why can gases be compressed

Answer 14

Gas particles are far apart they can be forced closer together

Question 15

Define diffusion

Answer 15

The mixing of gases caused by their random motion

Question 16

When is diffusion faster (2)

Answer 16

At high temp and with small particles

Question 17

Define effusion

Answer 17

The escape of a gas under high pressure through a small opening

Question 18

Define ideal gas

Answer 18

Imaginary gas that conforms to all assumptions of KMT

Question 19

Define real gas

Answer 19

One that does not conform completely to assumptions of KMT

Question 20

When is the behavior of a gas noticeable

Answer 20

Very high pressure and very low temp

Question 21

Define pressure

Answer 21

Force per unit area on a surface

Question 22

Name four standard values of pressure

Answer 22

Atmosphere
Millimeters of Hg
Kilo pascals
Torricelli

Question 23

Name four unit of value and abriviastions

Answer 23

1 ATM
760 mm Hg
101.325 kpa
760 torr

Question 24

What does STP stand for

Answer 24

Standard temperature and pressure

Question 25

What is STP equal to

Answer 25

1 ATM 760 mm Hg 101.325 kpa 760 torr

Question 26

What is STP useful for

Answer 26

Comparisons between/among gases

Question 27

State boyles law

Answer 27

Volume of a gas varies inversely with its pressure if and only if temperature is constant

Question 28

What is the formula for boyles law

Answer 28

PV=p1v1

Question 29

Define formulas variables

Answer 29

Pressure and volume

Question 30

Why was the kelvin temperature scale developed

Answer 30

Lead to inaccurate calculations because they are negative numbers.

Question 31

What is the value of absolute zero

Answer 31

-273 •c Celsius

Question 32

How do you convert Celsius to kelvin

Answer 32

Add 273 to the measured t in degrees Celsius

Question 33

State Charles law

Answer 33

The volume of a gas varies directly with the kelvin t if and only if p is constant

Question 34

State the formula for Charles law

Answer 34

V/t = V1T1

Question 35

Define variables for Charles law

Answer 35

Volume and pressure

Question 36

State gay lussacs law

Answer 36

The pressure exerted by a gas varies directly with the kelvin temperature if and only if volume is constant

Question 37

What is the formula for gay lussacs law

Answer 37

P/t=p1t1

Question 38

Define variables for gay lussacs law

Answer 38

Pressure and temperature

Question 39

What us the formula for combined gas law and define variables

Answer 39

V1/v=(p/p1)(t1/t)

Question 40

What did dalton study

Answer 40

Dalton studied mixtures of gases

Question 41

What is partial pressure

Answer 41

The pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture; therefore the total pressure exerted by a mis of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each gas in that mixture

Question 42

What's re formula for Dalton's law and define variables

Answer 42

P(total) = pp(gas1) + pp(gas2) + pp(gas3)..

Question 43

How do you recognize a Dalton's correction

Answer 43

When a gas is collected by bubbling it through water

Question 44

Explain the partial pressure of water

Answer 44

Must be subtracted from the collection pressure for accurate calculations