Chapter 10 - Homeostasis and Sugar, Gas And Blood Pressure Flashcards
(23 cards)
What do beta cells secrete?
Insulin
What do alpha cells secrete?
Glucagon
What does the level of blood sugar regulate?
The secretion of insulin using negative feedback system
What happens when sugar levels rise above normal?
Chemical sensors in the beta cells stimulate cells the secrete insulin
What is the sugar in the blood called?
Glucose
Why do cells need glucose?
For energy
How is energy released through glucose?
Cellular respiration
What is the formula for glucose
Glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water + energy
What happens after you eat?
Glucose concentration rises
What do homeostatic mechanisms do to the concentration of glucose?
Reduce them?
What happens to excess glucose
Converted to glycogen and stored or turned into fat
What are islets of langerhans?
Hormone secreting cells
Where is excess glucose stored?
In the liver and muscle cells
What is the role of the liver?
Converts glucose to glycogen for storage
What does the liver do if it needs energy?
Remove the glucose from the blood
What is glycogenolysis?
Converts glycogen to glucose
What is glycogenesis?
Formation of glycogen from other carbohydrates
What is gluconeogenesis?
Conversion of fats or proteins into glucose
What is the sinoatrial node?
Responsible for the contractions of the heart
What is the atrioventricular node?
Conducting fibres which pass through the septum
Increased heart rate?
Effect of adrenaline
Increased stroke volume?
Effect of venous return
Increased blood flow to muscles?
Effects of carbon dioxide and lactic acid
