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Heartland Horseshoeing > Chapter 10: Ligaments And Tendons > Flashcards

Chapter 10: Ligaments And Tendons Flashcards

1
Q

Suspensory ligament

A

Origin: palmar/plantar proximal cannon, distal row of carpals/tarsals

Insertion: Sesamoids, main extensor tendon

Function: support fetlock, energy return, weight bearing

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2
Q

Ligament of the ergot

A

Origin: ergot

Insertion: distal digital annular ligament

Function: vestigial

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3
Q

Radial (superior) check ligament

A

Origin: radius

Insertion: superficial flexor tendon

Function: prevent overstress of superficial flexor tendon

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4
Q

Subcarpal (inferior) check ligament

A

Origin: distal row of carpals

Insertion: deep flexor tendon

Function: prevent overstress of deep flexor tendon

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5
Q

Subtarsal check ligament

A

Origin: distal row of tarsals

Insertion: deep flexor tendon

Function: vestigial

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6
Q

Chondrocompedal ligament

A

Origin: distal P1

Insertion: collateral cartilages

Function: support collateral cartilages

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7
Q

Chondrocoronal ligament

A

Origin: collateral cartilages

Insertion: P2

Function: support collateral cartilages

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8
Q

Chondrotendinous ligament

A

Origin: collateral cartilages

Insertion: main extensor tendon

Function: support collateral cartilages

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9
Q

Chondroungular ligament

A

Origin: collateral cartilages

Insertion: P3

Function: support collateral cartilages

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10
Q

Transverse lamina (“T”) ligament

A

Origin: deep flexor tendon

Insertion: P2

Function: separate synovial sheath from navicular bursa

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11
Q

Superficial Sesamoidian ligament (“Y” or straight)

A

Origin: sesamoids

Insertion: P2

Function: rigidity of the fetlock

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12
Q

Middle Sesamoidian ligament (“V” or oblique)

A

Origin: sesamoids

Insertion: distal P1

Function: rigidity of the fetlock

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13
Q

Deep Sesamoidian ligament (“X” or cruciate)

A

Origin: sesamoids

Insertion: proximal P1

Function: hold sesamoids in position

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14
Q

Short Sesamoidian ligaments

A

Origin: sesamoids

Insertion: proximal P1

Function: hold sesamoids in position

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15
Q

Intersesamoidian ligament

A

Origin: sesamoid

Insertion: sesamoid

Function: forms groove for flexor tendons

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16
Q

Collateral Sesamoidian ligaments

A

Origin: sesamoids

Insertion: collaterally on distal cannon bone and proximal P1

Function: hold sesamoids forward in position

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17
Q

Palmar/plantar annular ligament

A

Origin: distal cannon bone

Insertion: distal cannon bone

Function: holds tendons against the joint when flexed

18
Q

Proximal digital annular ligament

A

Origin: P1 and P2

Insertion: P1 and P2

Function: holds tendons against the joint when flexed

19
Q

Distal digital annular ligament

A

Origin: P1 and P2

Insertion: P1 and P2

Function: holds tendons against the joint when flexed

20
Q

Suspensory navicular ligament

A

Origin: collateral distal P1

Insertion: proximal edge of the navicular bone

Function: support navicular bone

21
Q

Distal navicular (impar) ligament

A

Origin: dorsal navicular bone

Insertion: palmar/plantar P3

Function: support navicular bone

22
Q

Axial pastern ligaments

A

Origin: distal palmar/plantar P1

Insertion: proximal palmar/plantar P2

Function: strengthen pastern joint

23
Q

Abaxial pastern ligaments

A

Origin: distal palmar/plantar P1

Insertion: proximal palmar/plantar P2

Function: strengthen pastern joint

24
Q

Interosseus ligament

A

Origin: cannon bone

Insertion: splint bones

Function: hold splint bones in position

25
Q

Plantar ligament

A

Origin: calcaneus

Insertion: 4th Tarsal and MT4

Function: rigidity of the hock and energy return

26
Q

Capsular ligaments

A

Origin: all synovial joints

Insertion: all synovial joints

Function: compose capsule to hold synovial fluid

27
Q

Collateral ligaments

A

Origin: collaterally on proximal bone in synovial joints

Insertion: collaterally on distal bone in synovial joints

Function: strengthen joints and support of lateral movement

28
Q

Lateral extensor tendon (thoracic limb)

A

Origin: lateral side of the proximal radius (lateral extensor muscle)

Insertion: lateral proximal P1

Function: aids in extending leg when the horse wants to bring the leg forward

29
Q

Main extensor tendon (thoracic limb)

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus (and main extensor muscle)

Insertion: dorsal aspect of lower leg, proximal P1, proximal P2, and the dorsal proximal area of P3

Function: extending the leg

30
Q

Superficial flexor tendon (thoracic limb)

A

Origin: distal end of humerus

Insertion: bifurcates and attaches collateral distal P1 and collateral proximal P2

Function: flexed the leg to help propel the horse. Stay apparatus, energy storage and return, weight bearing.

31
Q

Deep flexor tendon (thoracic limb)

A

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus and ulna

Insertion: semilunar crest on the solar surface of P3

Function: stay apparatus, weight bearing, energy storage, flexing the leg to propel the horse.

32
Q

Lateral extensor tendon (pelvic limb)

A

Origin: proximal lateral tibia

Insertion: main extensor tendon

Function: aids in extending the hind foot and flexing the hock

33
Q

Main extensor tendon (pelvic limb)

A

Origin: extensor fossa at distal end of femur

Insertion: proximal P1, proximal P2, and the extensor process of P3

34
Q

Superficial flexor tendon (pelvic limb)

A

Origin: supracondyloid fossa of femur

Insertion: calcanean process, collaterally distal P1, collaterally proximal P2.

Function: flexes the digit and extends hock

35
Q

Deep flexor tendon (pelvic limb)

A

Origin: proximal tibia and fibula

Insertion: semilunar crest of P3

Function: flex foot, extend hock, weight bearing, energy storage and return

36
Q

Category 6: ligaments that do not fit into a category

A

1) Interosseus ligaments
2) plantar ligament
3) capsule ligaments
4) collateral ligaments

37
Q

Category 5: pastern ligaments

A

1) axial pastern ligaments
2) abaxial pastern ligaments

38
Q

Category 4: navicular ligaments

A

1) suspensory navicular ligament
2) distal (impar) navicular ligament

39
Q

Category 3: annular ligaments

A

1) palmar/plantar annular ligament
2) proximal digital annular ligament
3) distal digital annular ligament

40
Q

Category 2: sesamoidian ligamets

A

1) superficial (y or straight) sesamoidian ligament
2) middle (v or oblique) sesamoidian ligament
3) deep (x or cruciate) sesamoidian ligament
4) short sesamoidian ligaments
5) intersesamoidian ligaments
6) collateral sesamoidian ligaments

41
Q

Category 1: exceptions of the bone-to-bone rule

A

1) suspensory ligament
2) ligament of the ergot
3) radial (superior) check ligament
4) subcarpal (inferior) check ligament
5) subtarsal check ligament
6) chondrocompedal
7) chondrocoronal
8) chondrotendinous
9) chondroungular
10) transverse laminae (T) ligament

Heartland Horseshoeing (8 decks)

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