Chapter 10: Micronutrients | Lesson 2: Fat-Soluble Vitamins Flashcards
(19 cards)
Can fat-soluble vitamins be stored in the body?
Yes, via adipose tissue.
Why shouldn’t fat-soluble vitamins be overconsumed?
Since they can be stored in the body, toxicities can form because the body is receiving too much.
Vitamin A is a group of compounds referred to as what?
retinoids
What are the most common retinoids?
Retinol, retinal, and retinoic acid
Vitamin A can also be made from what other compounds?
Carotenoids, which are antioxidants.
What is vitamin A critical for in the body?
Vision, immune function, healthy skin, healthy mucus membrane, healthy bones, and healthy teeth.
What does vitamin A deficiency lead to?
impaired vision, possible blindness, skeletal weakness, skin issues, reduced infection fighting abilities, and even death in extreme circumstances.
Vitamin D is important for?
Mental health, healthy metabolism, bone strength, and muscle repair.
In what percentage of young and healthy adults is vitamin D deficiency found?
36%
How can vitamin D be manufactured in the body?
through the conversion of cholesterol to the active form of vitamin D (D3) by sunlight.
What does vitamin D deficiency lead to?
Reduced performance & recovery and mental health problems.
Similar to vitamin A, what other vitamin is made up of various compounds?
Vitamin E
What are the most common compounds that make up vitamin E?
tocopherols and tocotrienols
What vitamin is one of the main antioxidant molecules in the body?
Vitamin E, it protects oxidative damage to the cells.
What is one of the main mechanisms by which vitamin E protects cells?
Reducing the oxidation of fatty acids that make up the cell membranes and other critical structures within cells.
What does vitamin E deficiency cause?
Neurological disorders such as uncontrolled movement and slurred speech.
What vitamin is the name for compounds known as the phylloquinones and menaquinones?
Vitamin K
What does vitamin K do?
Regulates blood clotting and plays a critical role in bone formation and remodeling.
Vitamin K deficiency leads to?
bleeding disorders where people cannot stop bleeding, and osteoporosis.
