Chapter 10- Muscle Tissue

Question 1

ExAmples of smooth muscle

Answer 1

Peristalsis (digestion)

Constriction/dilation (bronco/vaso

Question 2

Example of cardiac muscle

Answer 2

Heart beat

Question 3

What Are five functions of the skeletal muscle

Answer 3

1) moving the skeleton
2) maintain posture
3) support organs (abdominal)
4) guard exits
5) maintain body temperature

Question 4

What are four tissues found in the skeletal system

Answer 4

1) skeletal muscle
2) connective tissue
3) blood
4) nerve

Question 5

(Connective) what is epimysium

Answer 5

Surrounds/insulates an entire muscle (dense collagen inside)

Question 6

(Inside) what is perimysium

Answer 6

Surrounds/insulates a bundle of muscle cells (intermediate collagen)

Question 7

What is a bundle of muscle cells called

Answer 7

Fascicles

Question 8

(Within) what is endomysium

Answer 8

Surrounding/insulating individual muscle fibers (fine collagen)

Question 9

What is a tendon

Answer 9

Collection of all the connective tissue running through out the entire muscle
-Fuses periosteum to connect muscles to bone

Question 10

What is aponeurosis

Answer 10

Broad flat sheet of connective tissue (muscle to muscle to broad flat bone)

Question 11

What does blood do

Answer 11

Branch repeatedly and extensively to serve each fiber (cell)

Question 12

Capillary beds for

Answer 12

Blood

Question 13

Synaposis for

Answer 13

Nerves

Question 14

What is skeletal muscle tissue made of

Answer 14

Long fibers (some as long as an entire muscle)

Question 15

Skeletal muscle tissue is

Answer 15

Striated

Question 16

Need multiple for structural/ functional protein synthesis through out the cell

Answer 16

Multinucleated

Question 17

They cannot divide but stem cells (satellite cells ) …..

Answer 17

Can make new muscle fibers

Question 18

Define cell membrane (sarcolemma)

Answer 18

Extends to the center of the cell as transverse tubials (t-tubes)

Question 19

Define cytoplasm (sarcoplasm)

Answer 19

Contains the organelles structural proteins

Question 20

Define actin

Answer 20

Thin filament (connected to z line)

Question 21

What is the 3 subunits of actin

Answer 21

1) Gactin
2) tropomysisn
3) triponin

Question 22

Define Gactin

Answer 22

300-400 per Actin filament

Question 23

Define tropomysisn

Answer 23

Covers the active sites on Gactin (like rope)

Question 24

Define triponin

Answer 24

3 binding sites
One binds to Gactin
One binds to tropomysisn
One binds to calcium ions

Question 25

Define myosin

Answer 25

Thick filament

Question 26

Define sarcomer

Answer 26

Functional unit of muscle cells

Question 27

Define a neuromuscular junction

Answer 27

Union between a muscle fiber and a motor neuron(synapse)

Question 28

What is a synoptic knob

Answer 28

With mitochondria and synoptic vesicles contains neurotransmitter (acetylcholine)

Question 29

What is a motor and plate unit

Answer 29

Folded sarcolemma and find receptors for ach

Question 30

Define the synaptic cleft

Answer 30

Space between the cells where they do not touch (inside enzyme acetylchoneses breaks down acetylcholine

Question 31

In a muscle fiber ....... Depends on the number of ........... Formed

Answer 31

Tension and crossbridges

Question 32

....... = ..........=.........

Answer 32

Ca++, crossbridges, tension

Question 33

Muscle fibers separate on a

Answer 33

All or none principle

Question 34

If a muscle fibers contracts it contracts

Answer 34

Completely

Question 35

Define what muscle fiber shortening depends on

Answer 35

1) resting length of the sarcomere (optimum lengths when the most cross bridges can be formed) 2) frequency of stimulation (how often/rapidly the motor neuron stimulates the cell)

Question 36

Define treppe

Answer 36

Allows muscle fiber to completely relax after stimulus

Question 37

Define wave summation

Answer 37

Muscle is stimulated before it can relax

Question 38

Define tonus

Answer 38

When a muscle fiber reaches peak tension

Question 39

Define complete tetany

Answer 39

Increase frequency of stimulation to not allow for relaxation

Question 40

What allows movement/tension in a muscle

Answer 40

1) collective tension produced by each muscle fiber | 2) number of muscle fibers stimulated

Question 41

Define motor unit

Answer 41

Motor neuron plus all the muscle fiber it controls More the less precise Less the more precise

Question 42

Define recruitment

Answer 42

Increasing the number of motor units needed to do the job

Question 43

Define isotonic contractions

Answer 43

Muscle tension is able to overcome resistance, muscle shortens work is done

Question 44

Define concentric

Answer 44

Phase when the muscle shortens

Question 45

Define eccentric

Answer 45

Elongation while contracting (control)

Question 46

Define isokinetic

Answer 46

Isotonic contractions at a set speed against resistance (force)

Question 47

Define isometric

Answer 47

Resistance; muscle tension; muscle contracts, does not shorten, work is not done

Question 48

How does a contracting muscle produce the atp it needs

Answer 48

At rest: atp is generated from fatty acids (catabolism)

Question 49

What moves the skeleton?

Answer 49

Skeletal muscle