Chapter 10 - Personality Flashcards
(47 cards)
pattern of enduring, distinctive thoughts, emotions, and behaviors that characterize the way a person adapts to the world
Personality
theoretical views emphasizing the personality is primarily unconscious (beyond awareness)
Psychodynamic Perspectives
Id, Ego, Superego, Defense Mechanisms
Psychodynamic Perspectives
part of the person that Freud called the “it”, consisting of unconscious drives; the individual’s reservoir of sexual energy (what would be pleasurable)
Id
freudian structure of personality that deals with the demands of reality
Ego
freudian structure of personality that serves as the harsh internal judge of the individual’s behavior; often referred to as conscience (determines right and wrong)
Superego
tactics the ego uses to reduce anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality
Defense Mechanisms
denial, displacement, repression
Defense Mechanisms
ego refuses to acknowledge anxiety-producing realities
Denial
directing unacceptable impulses at a less threatening target
Displacement
pushes unacceptable impulses into the unconscious mind (most powerful and pervasive defense mechanism)
Repression
oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages
Psychosexual Stages of Personality Development
- birth to 18 months
- infant’s pleasure center on the mouth (chewing, sucking, biting)
Oral Stage
- 18 to 36 months
- during a time when most children are experiencing toilet training
Anal Stage
- 3 to 6 years
- “phallus” means “penis” and pleasure focuses on the genitals as the child discovers that self-stimulation is enjoyable
Phallic Stage
- 6 years to puberty
- not a development stage but a kind of psychic time-out; the child sets aside all interest in sexuality
Latency Period
- adolescence and adulthood
- sexual reawakening, a point when the sources of sexual pleasure shifts to someone outside the family
Genital Stage
theoretical views stressing a person’s capacity for personal growth and positive human qualities
Humanistic Perspectives
unconditional positive regard, conditions of worth, self-concept
Humanistic Perspectives
roger’s construct referring to the individual’s need to be accepted, valued, and treated positively regardless of their behavior
Unconditional Positive Regard
standards that the individual must live up to in order to receive positive regard from others
Conditions of Worth
our conscious representation of who we are and who we wish to become
Self-Concept
ex., if you are setting up a friend on a blind date, you are likely to describe the person in terms of traits or stable personality characteristics
Trait Perspectives
theoretical views stressing that personality consists of broad, enduring dispositions that tend to lead to characteristics responses
Trait Theories
