Chapter 10- States Of Matter

Question 0

Particles of matter are

Answer 0

Always in motion

Question 1

Kinetic molecular theory

Answer 1

Explains the behavior of atoms/ molecules in different states of matter

Question 2

Particles exhibit what type of motion

Answer 2

Vibrational, rotational, translational

Question 3

All movement stops only at

Answer 3

Absolute zero

K = -273 C

Question 4

Kinetic energy

Answer 4

Measures the amount of energy contained by a moving object

Question 5

Temperature

Answer 5

Measure of the average kinetic energy of a substance

Question 6

Kinetic energy equation

Answer 6

KE = 1/2mv^2

Question 7

At the same temperature, particles of a lower max have a

Answer 7

Higher velocity

Question 8

STP

Answer 8

Standard temperature
0 degrees C
-273 degrees K
1 ATM

Question 9

Solids

Answer 9

Typically most dense
Particles are close together
Lowest temperature
Lowest average KE of particles

Question 10

Liquids

Answer 10

Particles still relatively close together

Temperature and average KE increase from solid state

Question 11

Gasses

Answer 11

Particles extremely far apart
Lowest density
Highest temperature and average KE

Question 12

Intramolecular forces

Answer 12

Chemical bonds

Question 13

Intermolecular forces

Answer 13

Attractions between molecules, strongest in solids

Question 14

Strength of intermolecular forces

Answer 14

1. Hydrogen bonds
2. Dipole - dipole attraction
3. Dipole induced dipole attraction
4. London dispersion forces

Question 15

Cohesive

Answer 15

Attractive force between two like molecules

Question 16

Adhesive

Answer 16

Attractive force between two different molecules

Question 17

Gasses are

Answer 17

Fluids

Question 18

Fluid

Answer 18

A non solid state of matter in which particles are free to move or flow past each other

Question 19

gases have

Answer 19

low density and high compressibility

Question 20

gases readily

Answer 20

diffuse

Question 21

effusion

Answer 21

process by which gas particles pass through a tiny opening when pressure is exerted on them

Question 22

the rate of effusion of a gas is directly proportional to

Answer 22

the gas velocity

Question 23

crystalline solids

Answer 23

particles arranged in ordered, geometric pattern
definite melting point
ionic compounds

Question 24

amorphous solids

Answer 24

particles arranged randomly | can flow over a wide range of temperatures

Question 25

4 types of crystalline solids

Answer 25

ionic crystals covalent network crystals covalent molecular crystals metallic crystals

Question 26

liquids have

Answer 26

surface tension

Question 27

surface tension

Answer 27

force that tends to pull adjacent parts of a liquids surface together, thereby decreasing surface area to the smallest possible size

Question 28

capillary action

Answer 28

the attraction of the surface of a liquid to the surface of a solid

Question 29

volatile

Answer 29

readily vaporizes

Question 30

melting

Answer 30

solid to liquid

Question 31

sublimation

Answer 31

solid to gas

Question 32

freezing

Answer 32

liquid to solid

Question 33

vaporization

Answer 33

liquid to gas

Question 34

condensation

Answer 34

gas to liquid

Question 35

deposition

Answer 35

gas to solid

Question 36

phase

Answer 36

any part of a system with uniform composition and properties

Question 37

vapor

Answer 37

a gas in contact with its liquid or solid phase

Question 38

vapor pressure

Answer 38

the pressure exerted on the surface of the liquid phase by its corresponding vapor

Question 39

liquid vapor equillibrium

Answer 39

state where the rate of evaporation is equal to the rate of condensation

Question 40

boiling point

Answer 40

the temperature at which the equilibrium vapor pressure of the liquid equals the atmosphere pressure

Question 41

normal boiling point

Answer 41

boiling point at 1 atm of pressure

Question 42

enthalpy

Answer 42

a measure of the total energy of a system

Question 43

molar enthalpy of vaporization

Answer 43

amount of heat energy needed to vaporize one mole of liquid at the liquids boiling point under constant pressure

Question 44

molar enthalpy of fusion

Answer 44

the amount of heat energy that must be added to melt one mole of solid at the solids melting point