Chapter 10 Vocab

Question 1

Caucus (party)

Answer 1

A meeting of party followers in which party delegates are selected

Question 2

Closed Primary

Answer 2

A primary election where only registered party members may vote for the party’s nominee

Question 3

Democrats

Answer 3

People who have a liberal position

Question 4

Direct Mail

Answer 4

A mailing from an interest group focused at a specialized audience whose purpose is both to raise money and mobilize supporters

Question 5

527 Organizations

Answer 5

Organizations under section 527 of the internal revenue code that raise and spend money to advance political causes

Question 6

General Elections

Answer 6

An election held to choose which candidate will hold office

Question 7

Gerrymandering

Answer 7

Drawing the boundaries of legislative districts in bizarre or unusal shapes to favor one party

Question 8

Incumbent

Answer 8

Person already in office

Question 9

Independent

Answer 9

Person who runs without specific party platform

Question 10

Open Primary

Answer 10

a primary election where all voters (regardless of party membership) may vote for the party’s nominee

Question 11

PAC

Answer 11

A committee set up by a corporation, labor union, or interest group that raises and spends campaign money from voluntary donations

Question 12

Positive Issue

Answer 12

An issues in which rival candidates have opposing views but that divides the voters.

Question 13

Presidential Primary

Answer 13

Elections in which voters in a state vote for a candidate (or delegates pledged to him or her). Most delegates to the national party conventions are chosen this way.

Question 14

Primary Elections

Answer 14

Elections held to choose the person for a particular party in the presidential race

Question 15

Prospective Voting

Answer 15

Voting for a candidate because you favor his or her ideas regarding issues

Question 16

Red States

Answer 16

States that usually vote Republican

Question 17

Republican

Answer 17

Elephant party whose platform is based on primarily conservative social & fiscal policies

Question 18

Retrospective Voting

Answer 18

Voting for a candidate because you like his or her past actions in office

Question 19

Runoff Primary

Answer 19

A second primary held when no one wins the first primarys majority

Question 20

Soft Money

Answer 20

funds obtained by political parties that are spent on party activities. Such as get-out-the-vote drives, but not a behalf f a specific candidate

Question 21

Sophomore Surge

Answer 21

People in same party as president will run the same year as them because of the amount of people who come out to vote

Question 22

Spots

Answer 22

Paid advertising for a candidate in an election, has little outcome for election

Question 23

Talking heads

Answer 23

Televised Pictures showing nothing but individuals speaking

Question 24

Visuals

Answer 24

News broadcasting for a candidate in an election. They cost little, and give more credibility to some voters

Question 25

Four ways Congressional and Presidential elections differ

Answer 25

1. ) fewer people vote in congressional elections 2. ) congressional are less competitive 3. ) congressional incumbents can service the people in their district 4. ) congressional people can duck responsibility

Question 26

Major Changes in election campaigns?

Answer 26

Debates are way more important now

Question 27

Campaigning has largely become synonymous with?

Answer 27

Fundraising

Question 28

Major difference between presidential and congressional campaigns is what?

Answer 28

Congressional incumbents can duck responsibility more easily

Question 29

What statement best reflects the relationship between popular presidential candidates and congressional candidates of the same party?

Answer 29

there has been a strong decrease in the effects of coatailing the president

Question 30

Federal laws restrict the amount that any individual can give to a candidate to how much in each election?

Answer 30

2,000

Question 31

Blanket Primaries

Answer 31

Primary Election in which each voter can voter for candidates from each election

Question 32

Blue States

Answer 32

States in primary elections that vote mainly democratic

Question 33

Malapportionment

Answer 33

describes a distribution of representatives within a legislative body that is unequal or unfair

Question 34

Federal law restricts the amount that a PAC can give to a candidate to how much in each election?

Answer 34

5,000

Question 35

According to the text, what is a critical problem to solve in deciding who gets represented in the house?

Answer 35

1. ) allocating seats in the house among the states 2. ) determining shape of district (gerrymandering) 3. ) size of district (population) 4. ) establishing total size of the house

Question 36

Former House Speaker Thomas P. "Tip" O'Neill famously said "All Politics is _______"

Answer 36

local

Question 37

When a voter casts a clothespin vote, he or she picks who?

Answer 37

the least worst person

Question 38

Research suggest political ads that wield the greatest influence over voters

Answer 38

Compare and contrast candidates

Question 39

In America, candidates win party nominations primarily through

Answer 39

Individual effort

Question 40

According to the text, who is probably least likely to be elected president?

Answer 40

Current member of the senate

Question 41

In the 1992 election, Bill Clinton chose as a theme

Answer 41

we need change

Question 42

The text suggests _____are "a volatile group" and "thus quick to change parties.

Answer 42

farmers

Question 43

In the 2000 election,George W. Bush chose as a theme

Answer 43

compassionate conservatism

Question 44

In 1911, Congress fixed the size of the House of Representatives at ______ members

Answer 44

435

Question 45

The states did little about malapportionment and gerrymandering until ordered to do so by

Answer 45

the supreme court

Question 46

In order to win the party nomination, candidates need to appear particularly

Answer 46

liberal if Democrats, conservative if Republicans

Question 47

Which of the following is a valence issue rather than a position issue?

Answer 47

wasted tax dollars

Question 48

In a(n) ___ primary, voters must declare themselves registered members of a party in advance

Answer 48

closed

Question 49

What statements concerning research on political advertising and TV news programs is correct?

Answer 49

commercials contain info remembered/evaluated by the public

Question 50

Debates can have considerable impact on the opinions of potential voters, this case is proof

Answer 50

Ross Perot in 1992

Question 51

Blacks and Jews have been loyal supporters of

Answer 51

democrats