Chapter 10 Vocab Part 1

Question 1

Acetylcholine (!!)

Answer 1

Neurotransmitter chemical released at ends of nerve cells

Question 2

Afferent nerve (!!)

Answer 2

Carries messages TOWARD the brain and spinal cord

Question 3

Akinetic

Answer 3

Pertaining to loss of absence of voluntary movement

Question 4

Analgesia (!!! SG)

Answer 4

Absence of sensitivity to pain

Question 5

Anencephaly

Answer 5

Congenital condition of partial or complete absence of brain matter

Question 6

Anesthesia (!!! SG)

Answer 6

Lack of feeling or sensation

Question 7

Aphasia

Answer 7

Inability to speak; language function is impaired due to injury to the cerebral cortex

Question 8

Apraxia

Answer 8

Inability to perform purposeful acts or manipulate objects

Question 9

Arachnoid membrane (!!)

Answer 9

Middle layer of the meninges (3 membranes) that surround the brain and spinal cord

Question 10

Astrocyte (!!)

Answer 10

Glial (neuroglial) cell that transports salts and water from capillaries

Question 11

Ataxia

Answer 11

Without coordination

Question 12

Autonomic Nervous System

Answer 12

Nerves that control involuntary body functions of muscles, glands, and internal organs

Question 13

Axon

Answer 13

Microscopic fiber that carries a nervous impulse along a nerve cell

Question 14

Blood-brain barrier (!!)

Answer 14

Protective separation between the blood and brain cells that keeps substances (drugs) from penetrating capillary walls and entering the brain

Question 15

Bradykinesia

Answer 15

Slow movement

Question 16

Brainstem (!!)

Answer 16

Posterior portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord

Question 17

Cauda Equina (!!)

Answer 17

Collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord

Question 18

Causalgia

Answer 18

Intensely unpleasant burning pain in a limb following damage to nerves

Question 19

Cell Body

Answer 19

The part of a nerve cell that contains the nucleus

Question 20

Central Nervous System (CNS) (!!)

Answer 20

Brain and Spinal Cord

Question 21

Celphagia

Answer 21

Head pain; headache

Question 22

Cerebellar (!!)

Answer 22

Pertaining to the cerebellum

Question 23

Cerebellopontine

Answer 23

Pertaining to the cerebellum and pons

Question 24

Cerebellum (!!)

Answer 24

The posterior part of the brain that coordinates muscle movements and maintains balance

Question 25

Cerebral cortex (!!)

Answer 25

1. Outer region of the cerebrum 2. Contains sheets of nerve cells 3. Gray matter

Question 26

Cerebrospinal fluid (!!)

Answer 26

Fluid that circulates throughout the brain and spinal cord

Question 27

Cerebrum (!!)

Answer 27

1. The largest part of the brain 2. Responsible for voluntary muscle activity, vision, speech, taste, hearing, thought, and memory. (So basically 5 senses + muscle activity + memory)

Question 28

Coma

Answer 28

State of unconsciousness from which a patient cannot be aroused.

Question 29

Comatose

Answer 29

Pertaining to coma

Question 30

Cranial Nerve (!!)

Answer 30

12 pairs of nerves that carry messages to and from the brain

Question 31

Dendrite (!!)

Answer 31

Microscopic branching fiber of a nerve cell; the first part to receive the nervous impulse

Question 32

Dura Mater (!!)

Answer 32

Thick, outermost layer of the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord. Protects brain and spinal cord.

Question 33

Dyslexia

Answer 33

Difficulty in reading, writing, and learning

Question 34

Dyskinesia

Answer 34

Impairment of the ability to perform voluntary movements

Question 35

Efferent Nerves (!!)

Answer 35

Carries messages away from the brain and spinal cord; motor nerve

Question 36

Encephalitis

Answer 36

Inflammation of the brain

Question 37

Encephalopathy

Answer 37

Disease of the brain

Question 38

Ependymal cell (!!)

Answer 38

Glial cell that lines the membranes within the brain and spinal cord; helps form the CSF.

Question 39

Epidural hematoma

Answer 39

Collection of blood located above the dura mater