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Histology lecture > Chapter 1.01 > Flashcards

Chapter 1.01 Flashcards

(43 cards)

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1
Q

What are the four general types of tissues?

A

Epithelial, muscular, Connective, Nervous

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2
Q

Organs consist of:

A

Parenchyma
and
Stroma

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3
Q

Define stroma in regards to organs:

A

the part that provides supportive frame work like CT

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4
Q

Define Parenchyma in regards to organs:

A

the part that performs the particular function of the organ

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5
Q

T or F Morphology tends to be closely tied to function of a cell?

A

True

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6
Q

What are some of the different cell shape variations?

A

spherical
squamous
cubodial
columnar
stellate
fusiform

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7
Q

In histology what are the two common measuments?

A

micrometer 10-6
nanometer 10-9

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8
Q

What type of LM is most common in histology

A

Compound light microscope

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9
Q

Would you be able to use a Dissecting Microscope to view a sperm cell?

A

sperm cells are viewed with compund microscope

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10
Q

What type of Microscopy does this describe:

Most common used to study tissues and cells

A

LM

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11
Q

What type of microscopy is described

Uses conventional light microscopy. Visible light passes through stained tissue sections

A

Bright field-Microscopy

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12
Q

What type of Microscopy does this describe:

Scattered light interferes with direct light and converts small differences in
refractive index into differences in light intensity variation. Good for unstained and living cells

A

Phase-contrast microscopy

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13
Q

What type of Microscopy does this describe:

Uses light polarized by filters. Specimen can be stained or unstained

A

Polarizing microscopy

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14
Q

What type of Microscopy does this describe:

Specimen is illuminated, reflected light has a longer wavelength than the absorbed
light. Specific cell components can be labeled with fluorescent stains

A

Fluorescence microscopy

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15
Q

What type of Microscopy does this describe:

A laser beam passes through a pinhole focusing on a small part of a specimen at a time. Whole specimen is eventually scanned and image is formed by a computer

A

Confocal microscopy

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16
Q

what are the slide preperation steps using the paraffin wax method?

A
  1. Fix-
  2. Dehydrate
  3. clear
  4. embed
  5. section
  6. deparffinize
  7. rehydrate
  8. stain
  9. dehydrate
  10. clear cover
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17
Q

What substance is used in the fixation step of the paraffin wax technique?

A

neutral buffered fomalin

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18
Q

What substance is used in the 1st dehydration step of the paraffin wax technique?

Study These Flashcards
A

increasing concentrations of ethanol

19
Q

What substance is used in the clearing step of the paraffin wax technique?

Study These Flashcards
A

Xylene

clears the tissue to remove alcohol

20
Q

What substance is used in the embed step of the paraffin wax technique?

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A

paraffin wax

placed in mold to be filled with the wax

21
Q

What is used to section the specimen embedded?

21
Q

What substance is used in the deparaffinize step of the paraffin wax technique?

Study These Flashcards
A

xylene

removes the excess wax

22
Q

What substance is used in the Rehydration step of the paraffin wax technique?

Study These Flashcards
A

DECREASING CONCENTRATION OF ETHANOL

23
Q

what occurs in the staining step ?

Study These Flashcards
A

Specimen is stained with one or more of a wide variety of selective stains

24
What substance is used in the 2nd dehydration step of the paraffin wax technique?
increasing concentrations of ethanol
25
What substance is used in the 2nd clearing step of the paraffin wax technique?
xylene | clear specimen of alcohol
26
what is the last step of paraffin wax technique
use adhesive to secure coverslip
27
If a specimen stained basophilic this means the cell contents are...
Cell contents are with a net negative charge (anionic) such as DNA and RNA
28
If a specimen stained acidophillic the cell compentents are...
Cell components with a net positive charge (cationic) such as proteins stain
29
what are you able to see in eslatic stain
Elatic fibers stain dark blue and Nuclei stain dark blue/black
30
to best see reticular fibers, nerve processes, nucleoli, and cytoplasm what stain is used?
silvers stain
31
In trichome staining Collagen of connective tissue is ... Nuclei are .. Muscle is ... Cytoplasm of nonmuscle cells is...
Collagen of connective tissue is blue/green, Nuclei are black, Muscle is red, Cytoplasm of nonmuscle cells is pink/red
32
What is PAS best used for?
- mucin granules of Goblet cells purple/magenta, - Basement membranes stain pink/red - Glycogen granules stain red/magenta
33
to best see red blood cells and white blood cell what stain is used?
Wrights stain
34
Osmium tetroxide is best used to identify ....
lipids | stain black
35
What are the two different types of EM?
SEM & TEM
36
which EM uses glutaraldehyde or Osmium tetroxide during fixation
TEM
37
what are the unique characteristics of TEM when wanting to collect specimens
Fixation- glutaraldehyde or Osmium tetroxide Dehydration- ethanol Infiltration and Embedding- epoxy resin Sectioning- ultramicrotome Staining- heavy metal salts Produces 2D images
38
What are the unique charateristics of SEM?
**Beam is reflected off of surfaces.** - Specimen mounted on an aluminum stub - Sample is coated with gold - Produces 3D images
39
# What is Freeze Fracture Scanning Electron Microscopy
- Breaking a frozen specimen to show internal structures
40
What is the differance in an intentional artifact vs. Unavoidable artifact
Artificial colors because of staining Unavoidable - Cells are killed and stabilized due to fixation process - Small molecules and secretion products may be washed away
41
what are the three different palnes you can cut through a round solid structure?
Longitudinal plane ( = Longitudinal section Transverse plane ( = Cross section Tangential plane
42
Planes of section through a hollow structure:
Central space is a Lumen Longitudinal plane Transverse plane Oblique plane Tangential plane

Histology lecture (10 decks)

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