Chapter 106- The Justice System Flashcards
(29 cards)
Crimes
Actions that violate laws defining which socially harmful behaviors will be subject to the government’s power to impose punishments.
Mala in se
Offenses that are wrong by their very nature;
Rape, theft, murder, etc…
Mala prohibita
Offenses prohibited by law but not necessarily wrong in themselves.
What are the three goals of the criminal justice system?
1: Doing Justice
2: Controlling crime
3: Preventing crime
What is doing justice?
Doing justice concerns fairness and equity in the treatment of people who are drawn into the criminal justice system
What are the three principals in doing justice?
1: Offenders will be held fully accountable for their actions
2: The rights of persons who have contact with the system will be protected
3: Like offenses will be treated alike, and officials will take into account the relevant differences among offenders and offenses
What is the criminal justice system designed to do?
Control crime by arresting, prosecuting, convicting, and punishing those who disobey the law.,
What are evidence-based practices?
Practices that have been proven effective in research studies.
What is Federalism?
A type of government where powers are divided between a central Government and regional(State) governments
Describe the division of power in a federation when it comes to the Criminal Justice system.
Most of the power is given directly to state and local governments with some powers reserved for the federal government.
What powers do the state governments specifically have?
The state CRJ systems handle violations of the state laws.`
Describe the powers that the Federal CRJ system have
The federal CRJ system handles the violations of federal laws
Resource dependence
The Criminal Justice system has to rely on taxpayer funds meaning that it has limited resources to work with
What is the goal of the criminal justice System?
1: Keep the peace
2: Combat crime
3: Prevent crime
4: Provide information
5: Direct traffic
6: Provide medical aid
What are the goals of the courts?
The courts are responsible for Adjudication, following procedures to ensure defendants are treated fairly, and sentencing
Define Adjudication
Determining whether or not (a) defendant is guilty
What are the two parts of the courts
Federal and State (each state has it’s own varied court system)
Felonies
Serious crimes usually carrying a penalty of death or of incarceration or more than one year
Misdemeanors
Offenses less serious than felonies and usually punishable by incarceration for no more than one year
Describe the crime control model
Assumes the freedom for the public to live without fear is so important that every effort must be made to repress crime; it emphasizes efficiency, speed, finality more, and the capacity to apprehend, try, convict, and dispose of a high proportion of offenders
Felonies
Serious crimes usually carrying a penalty of death or of incarceration for more than one year
Which amendment guarantees the right to a quick and speedy trial by an impartial jury?
The sixth ammendment
arrest
The physical taking of a person into custody on the grounds that he/she has committed a criminal offense.
Warrant
A court order authorizing police officers to take certain actions.
