Chapter 11, 12, 13

Question 1

terrorism

Answer 1

the commission of traditional crime, such as murder, with the intention of coercing a population or influencing a government through fear or intimidation…has received the greatest attention in the past decade…some terrorists act on behalf of their own government, some act on their own…the subject of a considerable number of international as well as domestic laws

Question 2

treason

Answer 2

the only crime mentioned in the Constitution…Article III Section 3

Question 3

common elements of the crime of terrorism

Answer 3

the commission of an already established crime, intended to coerce a population or influence a government, through intimidation or fear

Question 4

habeas corpus

Answer 4

literally “you have the body”; a writ challenging the legality of incarceration, or a writ ordering a prisoner to be brought before a court to determine the legality of a prisoner’s attention

Question 5

writ

Answer 5

a formal written order issued by a body with administrative or judicial jurisdiction

Question 6

USA Patriot Act

Answer 6

Uniting and strenghting American by providing appropriate tools required to interpet and obstruct terrorism…a federal statute enacted in repsonse to terrorist attacks on 9/11…the statte increased FEDERAL law enforcement authority to prevent, detect, and prosecute terroists

Question 7

human smuggling

Answer 7

illegal immigration in which an agent is paid to help a person cross a border clandestinely

Question 8

trafficking in persons

Answer 8

the exploitation of unwilling or unwitting people through force, coercion, threat, or deception

Question 9

What are the two fastest growing areas of international criminal activity?

Answer 9

Human smuggling and trafficking

Question 10

Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act

Answer 10

a comprehensive federal statue that addresses the significant problem of trafficking in persons

Question 11

Victimless crime

Answer 11

an offense committed against the social values and interests represented in and protected by the criminal law and in which parties to the offense willingly participate

Question 12

What types of crime do not have specific or identifiable victims?

Answer 12

crimes against public decency and morality

Question 13

prostitution

Answer 13

the offering or receiving of the body for sexual intercourse for hire (as well as) the offering or receiving of the body for indiscriminate sexual intercourse without hire

Question 14

soliciting prostitution

Answer 14

the act of asking, enticing, or requesting another to commit the crime of prostitution

Question 15

elements of the crime of prostitution

Answer 15

• engaging in or offering to perform
• a sexual act
• for hire

Question 16

the following acts constitute the crime of promoting prostitution

Answer 16

• owning, controlling, managing, supervising, or otherwise keeping a house of prostitution
• procuring a person for a house of prostitution
• encouraging, inducing, or otherwise purposely causing another to become or remain a prostitute
• soliciting a person to patronize a prostitute
• procuring a prostitute for another
• transporting a person with the purpose of promoting that person’s involvement in prostitution

Question 17

pimping

Answer 17

aiding, abetting, counseling, or commanding another in the commission of prostitution…the act of procuring a prostitute for another

Question 18

pandering

Answer 18

soliciting a person to perform an act of prostitution

Question 19

pornography

Answer 19

the depiction of sexual behavior in such a way as to excite the viewer sexually

Question 20

obscenity

Answer 20

that which appeals to the prurient interest and lacks serious literacy, artistic, political, or scientific value

Question 21

prurient interest

Answer 21

a morbid interest in sex, an obsession with lascivious and immoral matters

Question 22

lascivious

Answer 22

something that is obscene or lewd or tends to cause lust

Question 23

crime against nature

Answer 23

a general term that can include homosexual or heterosexual acts of anal sex, oral sex, and bestiality

Question 24

bigamy

Answer 24

the crime of marrying one person while still legally married to another person

Question 25

polygamy

Answer 25

the marrying of, or cohabiting with, more than one spouse at a time in the purported exercise of the right of plural marriage. In most jurisdictions, polygamy is a felony.

Question 26

incest

Answer 26

another sexually defined offense, consists of unlawful sexual intercourse with a relative through blood or marriage

Question 27

gambling

Answer 27

the wagering of money, or of some other thing of value, on the outcome or occurrence of an event. It is illegal where made so by law

Question 28

drug

Answer 28

a generic term applicable to a wide variety of substances that have any physical or psychotropic effect on the human body

Question 29

controlled substance

Answer 29

specifically defined bioactive or psychoactive chemical substances that come under the purview of the criminal law

Question 30

RICO statute

Answer 30

a section of the federal Organized Crime Control Act known as the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations provision

Question 31

Forfeiture statutes

Answer 31

authorize judges to seize "all monies, negotiable instruments, securities, or other things of value furnished or intended to be furnished by any person in exchange for a controlled substance"

Question 32

NCVS

Answer 32

a survey, conducted annually by the Bureau of Justice Statistics, that provides data on households that report they were affected by the crime

Question 33

victim

Answer 33

any individual against whom an offense has been committed or for certain procedural purposes, a parent or legal guardian if the victim is below the legal age of eighteen years or incompetent or one or more family members or relatives designed by the court if the victim is deceased or incapacitated

Question 34

Golden Age of the Victim

Answer 34

a historical epoch during which victims had well-recognized rights, including a personal say in imposing punishments on apprehended offenders

Question 35

The situation remained relatively unchanged until ____ when a renewed interest in victims led to a resurgence of efforts meant to assist them.

Answer 35

the 1960's

Question 36

Victim compensation programs find their philosophical underpinnings in seven different schools of thought:

Answer 36

- strict liability theory - government negligence theory - equal protection theory - humanitarian theory - social welfare theory - crime prevention theory - political motives theory

Question 37

post crime victimization

Answer 37

problems for the victim that follow from an initial victimization, such as loss of employment, inability to pay medical bills, and insensitivity of family members...also called secondary victimization

Question 38

victim/witness assistance program

Answer 38

a service organization that works to provide comfort and assistance to victims of crime and to witnesses

Question 39

Two large nonprofit public groups that serve the needs of victims on a national scale are:

Answer 39

- NOVA = national organization of victim assistance | - NCVC = national center for victims of crime

Question 40

When the victim's movemnet began, the idea of legal rights for victims of crime was novel. At the time, victims' advocates built a platform of victims' rights on six principles:

Answer 40

- victims and witnesses have a right to protection from intimidation and harm - victims and witnesses have a right to be informed concerning the criminal justice process - victims and witnesses have a right to reparations - victims and witnesses have a right to preservation of property and employment - victims and witnesses have a right to due process in criminal court proceedings - victims and witnesses have a right to be treated with dignity and respect