Chapter 11&12

Question 1

Rhozoids

Answer 1

rootlike structure that lacks water-conducting tissue; anchors fungi down

Question 2

hyphae

Answer 2

one of the slender filament that composes the mycelium of the fungus

Question 3

mycelia

Answer 3

one of the hyphae in the fungal organism

Question 4

thallus

Answer 4

leaf-like or plantlike structure in algae, fungi or plants; the basic unit of algae

Question 5

stolon

Answer 5

an aerial hyphae that connects groups of hyphae together

Question 6

haustoria

Answer 6

hyphae of parasitic fungi that perforate a host cell and obtain nutrition directly from the cytoplasm

Question 7

ascospore

Answer 7

a sexually produced spore in a sac fungus

Question 8

sporangia

Answer 8

a structure in which spores are produced

Question 9

zygospore

Answer 9

a zygote surrounded by a hard protective covering to survive unfavorable conditions

Question 10

symbiosis

Answer 10

situation in which two organisms of different species live together in close association; example, Lichens

Question 11

lichen

Answer 11

a fungus in algae or cyanobacterium living together in a symbiotic relationship; good indicator of humidity

Question 12

chitin

Answer 12

a complex polysaccharide that is a component in the exoskeleton of arthropods and in the cell wall of fungi

Question 13

stipe

Answer 13

the stalk of a mushroom

Question 14

zygomycota

Answer 14

bread mold

Question 15

septate

Answer 15

a wall that separates individual cells in fungi

Question 16

fungicide

Answer 16

a substance that kills fungi

Question 17

foliose

Answer 17

a type of lichen with crinkly leaves

Question 18

gills

Answer 18

thin spore producing membrane of certain fungi; contains basidium and bacidiospores

Question 19

pellicle

Answer 19

a firm yet flexible covering outside the cell membrane of certain protozoans

Question 20

taxes

Answer 20

an organisms response to a single stimulus

Question 21

oral groove

Answer 21

a funnel shaped indentation in the body of the paramecium lined with cilia to sweep food into the mouthpore

Question 22

contractile vacuole

Answer 22

a vacuole found in some cells that collects want and expels it from the cell

Question 23

cycsts

Answer 23

a structure similar to a spore that is formed as part of the life cycle of some organisms or when conditions become unfavorable (just like endospores but in fungi)

Question 24

red tide

Answer 24

poison (toxin) in oceans caused by dynoflagellas

Question 25

amoeba

Answer 25

the typical sarcodina with no form;animal-lie

Question 26

euglena

Answer 26

plant-like; heterotrophic and autotrophic

Question 27

plasmodium

Answer 27

in phylum sporozoa; multinucleatic mass of cellular material that forms the vegetative body of a slime mold

Question 28

diatom

Answer 28

one of the unicellular algae of the phylum basillariophyta

Question 29

filament

Answer 29

a chain of algal cells

Question 30

holdfast

Answer 30

the special structure that anchors an organism

Question 31

paramecium

Answer 31

the typical ciliophora;free-swimming inhabitant

Question 32

sessile

Answer 32

non-motile; has to be attached to something else

Question 33

cilia

Answer 33

a hairlike extension of a cell membrane;aids in movement

Question 34

conjugation

Answer 34

a temporary union of two organisms or cells for one way transfer of genetic material; sexual reproduction

Question 35

zooplankton

Answer 35

plankton that are tiny animals or protozoans

Question 36

eyespot

Answer 36

a light sensitive area of some organisms

Question 37

What phylum contains airbladders?

Answer 37

phaeophyta

Question 38

Which phylum have silica cell walls?

Answer 38

bacillariophyta (diatom)

Question 39

which phylum are parasitic protozoans?

Answer 39

sporozoa

Question 40

Reproduction of algae

Answer 40

sygospore, fragmentation, conjugation

Question 41

How are algae (plant like) categorized?

Answer 41

color, pigment, thallus, cells

Question 42

how do euglena, paramecium, and amoeba obtain food?

Answer 42

euglena-heterotrophic or autotrophic, paramecium-autotrophic, amoeba-uses psuedopod

Question 43

What organism produces ascopores?

Answer 43

ascomyocata; sac fungi

Question 44

types of destructive fungi?

Answer 44

chestnut and dutch-elm disease

Question 45

what are found inside the gills of a mushrooms?

Answer 45

basidium and bassidiospores

Question 46

lichens indicate what about the environment?

Answer 46

humidity

Question 47

difference between fungi and plants

Answer 47

plants have true tissue and fungi does not

Question 48

yeast belongs to what phylum?

Answer 48

ascomycota

Question 49

what does external digestion involve?

Answer 49

cecreting digestive enzymes and absorbs

Question 50

list the 3 types of fungi and common names

Answer 50

fungi-1. oomycota (slime mold,on land) 2. acrasiomycota(slime mold, on water) 3. myxmycota- psuedoplasmodium

Question 51

list the 4 protozoans and example

Answer 51

1. sarcodina- amoeba 2. coliophora- paramecium 3. sporozoa- plasmodium 4. zygoflagellate- trypanasoma

Question 52

list the 7 algae and common names

Answer 52

euglenphyta(eugleniods), chlorophyta(green algae), chrosophyta( golden algae), bacillaiophyta(diatoms), phaeophyta(brown algae), Rhodophyta(red algae), Dinoflagellata(red tide)