Chapter 11-14

Question 1

chemical released that enables a nerve impulse to cross a synapse

Answer 1

neurotransmitter

Question 2

gap between cells

Answer 2

synaptic cleft

Question 3

site the responds to neurotransmitter

Answer 3

receptor

Question 4

3 structural classifications of neurons

Answer 4

Multipolar - found in the CNS
Bipolar
Unipolar - found in the PNS

Question 5

What is the function of sensory (afferent) neurons?

Answer 5

conduct impulses to CNS

Question 6

What is the function of motor (efferent) neurons?

Answer 6

carry impulses from CNS out to muscles and glands

Question 7

What is the function of interneurons?

Answer 7

relay info. within the CNS

Question 8

Muscle or gland that responds to a stimulus

Answer 8

effector

Question 9

the CNS consist of what?

Answer 9

brain and spinal cord

Question 10

the PNS consist of what?

Answer 10

cranial and spinal nerves

Question 11

nonconducting cells that protect and support

Answer 11

neuroglia or glial cells

Question 12

What are the functional cells of the nervous system?

Answer 12

neurons

Question 13

What are the neuron fibers that conduct impulses to the cell body?

Answer 13

dendrites

Question 14

What are the neuron fibers that conduct impulses away from the cell body?

Answer 14

axons

Question 15

What is the fatty material covering some axons that insulates and protects the fiber

Answer 15

myelin

Question 16

spaces or gaps between the myelin sheath

Answer 16

nodes

Question 17

outermost thin coating of schwann cells

Answer 17

neurilemma

Question 18

point of junction for transmission of the nerve impulse

Answer 18

synapse

Question 19

active pump pumping ions that opposite direction they want to flow to keep nerve fiber at polarized state

Answer 19

sodium/potassium pump

Question 20

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

Answer 20

31 pairs

Question 21

How many pairs of cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal nerves are there?

Answer 21

8 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
5 sacral
1 coccygeal

Question 22

network of vessels or nerves

Answer 22

plexuses

Question 23

how many pairs of cranial nerves?

Answer 23

12 pairs

Question 24

Voluntary nervous system that controls skeletal muscles

Answer 24

somatic nervous system

Question 25

Involuntary nervous system that controls smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands

Answer 25

Autonomic nervous system

Question 26

layers of connective tissue

Answer 26

meninges

Question 27

thickest and outermost membrane

Answer 27

dura mater

Question 28

thin membrane, spidery appearance

Answer 28

arachnoid

Question 29

deepest membrane, right up against cerebrum

Answer 29

pia mater

Question 30

What is formed in spaces within the brain

Answer 30

cerebrospinal fluid

Question 31

What is the largest part of the brain (divided by longitudinal fissure)?

Answer 31

cerebrum

Question 32

What allows transmission of impulses from left side of the brain to the right side and vice versa

Answer 32

corpus callosum

Question 33

outside edges of the cerebrum

Answer 33

cerebral cortex

Question 34

What lobe of the brain is the motor area which controls movement and speech?

Answer 34

frontal lobe

Question 35

What lobe is the sensory area (touch, pain, temp)?

Answer 35

parietal

Question 36

What lobe is the auditory area?

Answer 36

temporal

Question 37

What lobe is the visual area?

Answer 37

occipital

Question 38

Cortex folds form elevated portions called what?

Answer 38

gyri or gyrus

Question 39

Gyri are separated by shallow grooves called what?

Answer 39

sulci or sulcus

Question 40

What sulcus is between the frontal and parietal lobes

Answer 40

central

Question 41

What sulcus separates that temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobes?

Answer 41

lateral

Question 42

a very deep groove

Answer 42

fissure

Question 43

What fissure separates the right and left hemispheres?

Answer 43

longitudinal

Question 44

What fissure separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum?

Answer 44

transverse fissure

Question 45

what is the extension of dura mater between cerebral hemispheres?

Answer 45

falx cerebri

Question 46

Where is the diencephalon located?

Answer 46

superior to the brain stem

Question 47

What part of the diencephalon directs sensory impulses to the cortex?

Answer 47

thalamus

Question 48

What part of the diencephalon maintains homeostasis, controls pituitary, controls body temp., sleep, appetite and some emotions?

Answer 48

hypothalamus

Question 49

What system contains part of the cerebrum and diencephalons & controls emotion and behavior?

Answer 49

Limbic system

Question 50

What is the top portion of the brain stem that is involved in eye and ear reflexes?

Answer 50

midbrain

Question 51

What is the middle part of the brain stem that is involved in respiration (rates)?

Answer 51

pons

Question 52

What part of the brain stem connects the spinal cord to the brain stem?

Answer 52

medulla oblongata

Question 53

What are some things that the cerebellum controls?

Answer 53

coordination, balance and muscle tone