Chapter 11

Question 1

Reinforcement that occurs independent of the social mediation of others

Answer 1

Automatic Reinforcement

Question 2

A stimulus change that functions as a reinforcer because of prior pairing with one or more other reinforcers

Answer 2

Conditioned Reinforcer

Question 3

A conditioned reinforcer that as a result of having been paired with many other reinforcers does not depend on an establishing operation for any particular form of reinforcement for its effectiveness

Answer 3

Generalized Conditioned Reinforcer

Question 4

A response followed immediately by the presentation of a stimulus change that results in similar responses occurring more often

Answer 4

Positive Reinforcement

Question 5

A stimulus whose presentation or onset functions as reinforcement

Answer 5

Positive Reinforcer

Question 6

A principle that states that making the opportunity to engage in high-probability behavior contingent on the occurrence of a low-frequency behavior will function as reinforcement for the low-frequency behavior

Answer 6

Premack Principle

Question 7

A model for predicting whether contingent access to one behavior will function as reinforcement for engaging in another behavior based on whether access to the contingent behavior represents a restriction of the activity compared to the baseline level of engagement

Answer 7

Response-deprivation Hypothesis

Question 8

Behavior controlled by a rule; enables human behavior to come under the indirect control of temporarily remote or improbable, but potentially significant consequences. Often used in contrast to contingency-shaped behavior, a term used to indicate behavior selected and maintained by controlled, temporally close consequences

Answer 8

Rule-governed Behavior

Question 9

A contingency in which an antecedent stimulus and/or the consequence for the behavior is presented by another person

Answer 9

Socially Mediated Contingencies

Question 10

A variety of procedures used to determine the stimuli that a person prefers, the relative preference values of those stimuli, the conditions under which those preference values remain in effect, and their presumed value as reinforcers

Answer 10

Stimulus Preference Assessment

Question 11

A stimulus change that increases frequency of any behavior that immediately precedes it irrespective of the organism’s learning history with the stimulus. UR’s are the product of the evolutionary development of the species

Answer 11

Unconditioned Reinforcer