Chapter 11 Flashcards
(40 cards)
What principle was established by the Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison (1803)?
Judicial Review
What principle was established by the Supreme Court case McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)?
Federal laws take precedence over state laws
What authority was expanded by the Supreme Court case Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)?
Interstate commerce regulation
What was a key ruling in the Supreme Court case Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)?
African Americans could not be U.S. citizens
How did the 14th Amendment influence the concept of due process?
Due process applies to state governments
What doctrine was established by the 14th Amendment’s due process clause?
Incorporation of the Bill of Rights
What was the impact of the Supreme Court decision in United States v. E.C. Knight Co. (1895)?
Limited federal power to regulate monopolies
What was the impact of the Supreme Court decision in Debs v. United States (1895)?
Allowed federal intervention in labor disputes
What set of policies by President Roosevelt led to a constitutional crisis in the 1930s?
The New Deal
What was President Roosevelt’s proposal to add more justices to the Supreme Court called?
Court-packing plan
Which Supreme Court case upheld a state minimum wage law, marking a shift in the Court’s views during the Great Depression?
West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish
Which Supreme Court case declared segregation in public schools unconstitutional?
Brown v. Board of Education
What principle was established by the Supreme Court cases Baker v. Carr and Reynolds v. Sims?
One person, one vote
Which Supreme Court case expanded criminal procedure protections by establishing the Miranda rights?
Miranda v. Arizona
Which Supreme Court case protected free speech by establishing the actual malice standard for press reports about public officials?
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan
Which Supreme Court case established a right to privacy, particularly in marital relations?
Griswold v. Connecticut
Which Supreme Court case struck down laws banning interracial marriage?
Loving v. Virginia
How did Chief Justice Earl Warren change the Supreme Court during his tenure?
Expanded civil rights and constitutional protections
During which era did the Supreme Court begin to play a dramatic role in protecting civil liberties?
The Warren Court
Which Supreme Court case upheld the Wagner Act, a crucial piece of New Deal legislation regulating labor relations?
NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp.
Why are U.S. District Courts called “Constitutional Courts”?
Why are U.S. District Courts called “Constitutional Courts”
What types of cases fall under the jurisdiction of U.S. District Courts?
Federal questions, diversity cases, civil cases, admiralty and maritime cases, bankruptcy proceedings, cases involving federal administrative agencies, and naturalization of aliens.
What does it mean that U.S. District Courts are courts of original jurisdiction?
They are the first courts to hear cases, usually in a trial setting
What is the primary difference in function between a Grand Jury and a Petit Jury?
Grand Jury: Determines probable cause for indictment; Petit Jury: Decides verdict in trial.
