Chapter 1.1

Question 1

What are the components of Nature/Nature areas?

Answer 1

Wildlife,Natural vegetation and soil,Aquatic,Terrestrial (Land environment)

Question 2

What are some terrestrial “nature”? (Extra)

Answer 2

-Animals
-Plants

Question 3

What is Environment?

Answer 3

Refers to living and non-living surroundings around us

Question 4

Components of Environment

Answer 4

Human (Man-made) and Natural (Physical) Environments

Question 5

What are the types of Environments?

Answer 5

Natural,Managed,Constructed Environments

Question 6

What are some examples of Natural environments?

Answer 6

-Lakes and Rivers
-Tropical rainforest
-Mangroves

Question 7

What are some examples of Managed environments?

Answer 7

-Bishan-Ang mo kio park
-Mandai Wildlife reserve
-Park connectors
-Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve

Question 8

What are some examples of Constructed environments?

Answer 8

-Schools
-Cities
-Transport systems

Question 9

How do nature areas benefit people? (Way 1)

Answer 9

Vegetation help in lowering temperatures by:

1. Reducing the amount of sunlight that reaches the earth’s surface directly
2. Using heat from the atmosphere to carry out evapotranspiration

Question 10

How do nature areas benefit people? (Way 2)

Answer 10

Removal of pollutants through:

1. Vegetation carrying out photosynthesis removes C02 and other air pollutants
2. Roots of wetland plants trap suspended material and absorb excess nutrients in water,helping to improve water quality

Question 11

How do nature areas benefit people? (Way 3)

Answer 11

Provide recreational space:

1. Green spaces such as parks and gardens offer opportunities for outdoor activities

2.Directly interacting with nature bring about health and mental well-being benefits to people

Question 12

Other possible benefits (extra)

Answer 12

1. Provide shade and shelter
2. A chance to learn and see wildlife
3. Source of food (e.g. Fishes)

Question 13

How do people benefit nature areas? (Way 1)

Answer 13

Local communities collectively raise awareness about the value of nature areas to encourage positive behavior that does not damage nature.

Question 14

How do people benefit nature areas? (Way 1: Explanation)

Answer 14

When people learn to protect nature areas,they will remain in pristine condition and thrive,thus providing us with benefits

Question 15

How do people benefit nature areas? (Way 1: Example)

Answer 15

NParks Citizen Science Initiative,Dragonfly Watch,trains participants to identity different dragonfly species.This results in greater protection of the species by raising their awareness of their importance in the environment

Question 16

How do people benefit nature areas? (Way 2)

Answer 16

Local communities organize or participate in conservation efforts,such as clean-up programmes to remove pollutants from nature spaces.

Question 17

How do people benefit nature areas? (Way 2: Explanation)

Answer 17

When pollutants are removed from the environment,wildlife will be less exposed to harm and the environment remains in good condition

Question 18

How do people benefit nature areas? (Way 2: Example)

Answer 18

Waterways Watch Society organizes waterway clean-up programmes for schools to pick up trash from the Marina Reservoir

Question 19

How do people bring disadvantages to nature areas?
(Way 1)

Answer 19

{Causing soil erosion}

1. Users of nature parks may choose undesignated trails and cause soil compaction and trampling of vegetation
2. Soil compaction will cause greater surface runoff and result in soil erosion & water washing away soil particles

Question 20

How do people bring disadvantages to nature areas?
(Way 2)

Answer 20

{Damaging vegetation}

Trampling of vegetation will cause damage to plants and affect their growth

Question 21

How do people bring disadvantages to nature areas? (Way 3)

Answer 21

{Worsening pollution}

Littering of food packages and containers may cause wildlife to be injured by metal cans or entangled by plastic wrappers

Question 22

How do people bring disadvantages to nature areas? (Way 4)

Answer 22

{Disturbing wildlife}

1. Animals may mistake litter for food and consume them.This may cause animals to be hurt and may die.
2. Humans feeding wild animals may lead to change in habits and may lead to more human-wildlife conflict when animals associate people with food

Question 23

How does Nature bring disadvantages to people?
[Human-wildlife conflicts are on the rise due to: Way 1]

Answer 23

{Urban Expansion}

Urban expansion may reduce natural habitats,leading wildlife to venture out in search for food or shelter. This may lead to more wildlife-human interactions which may lead to wildlife attacks,causing injuries to humans.

Question 24

How does Nature bring disadvantages to people?
[Human-wildlife conflicts are on the rise due to: Way 2]

Answer 24

{Growing interest in outdoor recreation}

More people choose to engage in outdoor recreational activities,increasing the frequency of people spending time in nature areas. When humans are outdoors,they may interact with wildlife more and may lead to spread of diseases from animals to humans.

Question 25

How does Nature bring disadvantages to people? [Human-wildlife conflicts are on the rise due to: Way 3]

Answer 25

{Greening efforts by the state} The singapore green plan 2030 aims to enhance 170 ha of existing parks with more lush vegetation and increases another 1000 ha of green spaces by 2035. When the government increases the amount of park spaces,people may feel that this will leave them with less space for development.

Question 26

How does Nature bring disadvantages to people? (Part 1)

Answer 26

- With the increase in human-wildlife encounters,people who do not know how to deal with may unintentionally provoke them,leading to more wildlife attacks - Animals may be confused and fearful when they venture into unfamiliar urban spaces and increase their likelihood of attacks when triggered

Question 27

How does Nature bring disadvantages to people? (Part 2)

Answer 27

People perceive environmental protection to be limited to development and also at the expense of their needs -The Cross Island Mrt Line was proposed to be build around the Central Catchment Nature Reserve as the reserve is home to numerous critically endangered species and construction within the reserve may threaten their survival. How ever residents were afraid that the development of the Mrt line would instead affect their homes and bring them inconvenience or damage their property