Chapter 11

Question 1

solution

Answer 1

mixture, no chemical changes

Question 2

homogenous

Answer 2

un distinguishable parts

Question 3

heterogenous

Answer 3

non uniform distribution

Question 4

solute

Answer 4

gets dissolved

Question 5

solvent

Answer 5

does dissolving

Question 6

aqueous

Answer 6

solvent is water

Question 7

alloy

Answer 7

solution of 2 or more metals

Question 8

gaseous solution

Answer 8

solid, liquid, or gas dissolved in gas

Question 9

solid solution

Answer 9

solid, liquid, or gas dissolved in solid

Question 10

suspensions

Answer 10

hertero mixture when solute particles are too large to entirely dissolve

Question 11

colloids

Answer 11

hetero mixtures with properties between suspensions and solutions

Question 12

electrolytes

Answer 12

solutes that break down into ions

Question 13

solvation

Answer 13

when a solvent pulls the solute particles away from each other “like dissolves like”
depends on temperature
pressure when gas is solute

Question 14

Henry’s Law

Answer 14

pressure above a gas is directly proportional to the solubility of the gas

Question 15

Heat of solution

Answer 15

solvation gives off heat of absorbs

Question 16

exothermic

Answer 16

release of enegery

Question 17

endothermic

Answer 17

absorption of energy

Question 18

heat of solution

Answer 18

amount of energy produced or consumed by the formation of a solution

Question 19

saturated solution

Answer 19

contains max. solute dissolved in current conditions

Question 20

unsaturated solution

Answer 20

contains less than max. solute dissolved in current conditions

Question 21

supersaturated solution

Answer 21

contains more than max. solute that can normally be dissolved

Question 22

concentration

Answer 22

how much solute is dissolved in a solution

Question 23

molarity

Answer 23

mols solute/ liter solution

Question 24

molality

Answer 24

mole solute/ kg solvent

Question 25

mole fraction

Answer 25

mols solute/ mols solution

Question 26

solubility

Answer 26

amount of solute required to form saturated solution

Question 27

surface area

Answer 27

larger the surface area available the faster solute dissolves

Question 28

stirring

Answer 28

puts more solvent particles in contact with solute

Question 29

tempertaure

Answer 29

higher temperature means more kinetic energy in the solution, therefore more interactions between solute and solvent

Question 30

dissociation

Answer 30

separation of ions that occurs when ionic compounds dissolve- creates electrolyte

Question 31

insoluble compounds

Answer 31

ionic compounds that don't dissolve in water

Question 32

precipitation

Answer 32

two dissolved compounds create a solid to form and settle

Question 33

spectator ions

Answer 33

ions that do not take place in chemical reaction

Question 34

ionization

Answer 34

formation of ions in solution from covalently bonded molecules

Question 35

strong electrolyte/ acid

Answer 35

dissociates 100%

Question 36

colligative properties

Answer 36

properties of solutions that change due to concentration of solute particles, independent of nature of solute

Question 37

freezing point depression

Answer 37

lower in freezing point of solution when solute added

Question 38

boiling point elevation

Answer 38

rise in boiling point of solution with solute

Question 39

vapor pressure reduction

Answer 39

reduction of vapor pressure of solvent above the liquid

Question 40

osmotic pressure

Answer 40

pressure produced by diffusion of water down a concentration gradient

Question 41

Raoult's Law

Answer 41

vapor pressure of solution is inversely proportional to the concentration of non-volatile solutions

Question 42

osmosis

Answer 42

diffusion of water from high concentration to lower