Chapter 11

Question 1

BMI

Answer 1

expresses the ratio of a person weight to the square of his or her height
results are distorted in people with high lean body mass
(doesn’t take body composition into account)

Question 2

BMI calculation

Answer 2

weight (kg) / height (m)^2

Question 3

apple-shaped fat distribution

Answer 3

upper body; increased risk for chronic diseases

Question 4

pear-shaped fat distribution

Answer 4

lower body; no significant increased risk for chronic disease

Question 5

BMR (basal metabolic rate)

Answer 5

energy the body expends to maintain its basic physiologic functions

Question 6

3 components of energy expenditrue

Answer 6

BMR, TEF, energy cost of physical activity

Question 7

TEF (thermic effect of food)

Answer 7

energy expended as a result of processing food consumed (5-10%)

Question 8

energy cost of physical activity

Answer 8

energy that is expended on body movement and muscular work above basal levels 15-35%

Question 9

energy involved in digesting different macronutrients

Answer 9

fat takes little energy to digest, carbohydrates and proteins require less

Question 10

Calculation of energy burned in physical activity

Answer 10

• body weight (kg)=lb/2.2lb/kg=kg

- energy cost of activity/min x kg=kcal/min x min

Question 11

hormone produced by body fat, that acts to reduce food intake and decrease body weight and body fat

Answer 11

leptin

Question 12

a protein, synthesized in the stomach, that acts as a hormone and plays an important role in appetite regulation by stimulating appetite

Answer 12

ghrelin

Question 13

characteristic of healthy/successful weight loss

Answer 13

• following recommended serving sizes
• reduced intake of high-fat and high-energy density
• foods high in nutrient density and low in energy density
• regular physical activity