Chapter 11 Flashcards
(22 cards)
Self Concept
Sense of self, our total mental picture of our abilities and traits
Begins in toddlerhood
Social aspect of self concept
Understanding of how others see us
Self definition
Characteristics we use to describe ourselves
Self Esteem
Judgment a person makes about his or her self worth
How is self esteem in children?
Unidimensional, believe they are all good or all bad
When is a child motivated to achieve?
When self esteem is high
Learned helplessness
When they fail, children assume they will fail, feel ashamed, and don’t bother to try
Do young children understand contrary emotions?
No
When do children understand conflicting emotions?
Middle childhood
Gender identity
Awareness that one is male or female
Gender Roles
Behavior, interests, attitudes, skills, and traits that a culture considers appropriate for each sex
Gender typing
Process whereby children learn appropriate gender roles at an early age
Who are more gender socialized ?
Boys
What is a major format for the transmission of cultural attitudes towards gender?
The TV, which is more stereotyped than real life
What contributes to all domains of development?
Play
Gendered Play
Happens by age 3
Girls are more likely to play with dolls and tea sets
Boys are more likely to play with guns and trucks
How do boys play?
More active and physically aggressive
More strongly gender stereotyped
How do girls play?
Dramatic play
Tend to be more nurturing
Disciplining children
Children usually learn more from being reinforced for good behavior
Must be consistent
Forms of Discipline
Corporal Punishment Psychological Aggression Inductive techniques Power Assertion Temporary withdrawal of love
What type of aggression do children exhibit?
Instrumental aggression
Who are more physically and verbally aggressive?
Boys
