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Histopathology > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

(106 cards)

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1
Q

Celestine Blue forms a strong staining lake with _______ to bind hematoxylin

A

Iron Alum

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2
Q

For tissues fixed with mercuric chloride, staining time in hematoxylin should be _________ and staining tome in eosin should be _______

A

Increased , decreased

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3
Q

Mayers hematoxylin is used as a __________ to demonstrate presence of cytoplasmic glycogen

A

Nuclear counterstain

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4
Q

Accentuator in carbol thionine and carbol fushcin

A

Phenol

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5
Q

In regressive staining, the tissue is first overstained to :

A

Obliterate cellular details

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6
Q

Rapid ripening of ehrlichs reagent is brought about by

A

Sodium iodate

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7
Q

Hematoxylin stains what cellular structure?

A

Nucleus / Nuclear detail

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8
Q

Specific tissues elements are demonstrated by colorless solutions of metallic salts

A

Metallic impregnation

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9
Q

It is recommended for progressive staining of tissues

A

Aluminum Iron

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10
Q

Before a chromogen can be called a dye,

A

You must have the property if retaing the color in the tissue

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11
Q

Hazard of ammoniacal silver solutions

A

Explosive

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12
Q

Mordant combines with dye to form

A

Tissue-mordant-dye-complex

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13
Q

Mordant in weigerts hematoxylin

A

Iron

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14
Q

Mercury can be removed by :

A

Using 0.5% solution of iodine in 80%-95% of alcohol

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15
Q

Old Histologic dye extracted from the Coccys Cacti Bug

A

Cochineal Dye.

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16
Q

Rapid ripening of harris’ hematoxylin is brought about by

A

Mercuric Chloride

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17
Q

Different solutions are poured and slides are placed in a staggered or singly fashion

A

Slotted staining dishes

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18
Q

Is an oxazine dye used as an alternative to iron hematoxilin nuclear stain.

A

Celestine Blue

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19
Q

Tisse elements are stained in a definite sequence and applied for different periods of time until desired intensity is attained

A

Progressive staining

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20
Q

The second change of xylene will increase/decrease the refractive index of the glass slide?

A

Increase

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21
Q

Is the application of a different color or stain to provide contrast and background.

A

Counterstaining

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22
Q

Eosin stains what cellular structure?

A

Cytoplasm

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23
Q

Tissue are demonstrated in sections by direct interaction with dye

A

Histological Staining

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24
Q

The best vital dye

A

Neutral red

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25
Ony substance that can fix, differentiate and stain the tissue
Picric acid
26
Very cold water if used for blueing may produce ______ color.
Pink
27
Result of heidenhains Iron Hematoxylin Method.
Cells, nuclei, muscle striations are black
28
Basic cell structures have an affinity for acide dye ions. They are also called _______
Acidophilic
29
Vegetable dye extracted from certain Lichens
Orcein
30
Accentuator in loefflers methylene blue
Potassium hydroxide
31
Celestine Blue results :
Cell nuclei - Blue
32
Perls prussian blue demonstration for
Hemoglobin
33
a.) in decolorization, If the primary stain used is a basic dye, differentiation is carried out by what type of solution
Acid solution
34
How to restain a faded slide that has been stained by a mordant?
Remain in a differentiating agent (1-2% alcohol)
35
Oxidation of hematoxylin is termed as?
Ripening
36
Ripened Hematoxylin is used along with :
Aluminum Iron Chroumium Copper salts
37
Ammoniacal silver is reduced by
Argentaffin cells forming black deposits
38
Holds 10-30 slides upright
Glass staining racks/carriers
39
Substances with different atomic groupings which are capale of producing visible colors
Choromophores
40
Accelerates / hastens speed of staining reaction
Accentuator
41
Tissues are studied thru chemical reactions
Histochemical staining
42
Serves as a link between tissue and dye
Mordant
43
Natural Dyes (4)
Hematoxylin Cochineal dyes Orcein Saffron
44
Formation of precipitate in Harris hematoxylin indicates :
Deterioration in nuclear staining
45
Where the active coloring substance is found in a basic component that combines with the acid radical.
Basic Dyes
46
Crystal violet is for demostration of?
Fungi
47
Methylene blue can also be used as an?
Indicator
48
Two types of biological stains
Natural | Synthetic
49
Preservative in meyers hematoxylin
Chloral hydrate
50
Hematoxylin is extracted from what tree?
Hematoxylin Campechanium
51
Stain for reticuloendothelial system
Tryphan Blue
52
Thymol inhibits formation of
Molds
53
Mallorys Phloxine Methylene Blue Stain is also known as?
Eosin Methylene Blue Method.
54
To remove paraffin , immerse it in xylene two times for how long?
One to two minutes
55
What must be added to prevent growth of molds in Harris hematoxylin?
10ml ethyl alcohol
56
Carmine with aluminum chloride demonstrates
Glycogen
57
To accelerate ripening , you must use
Oxidizing Agents (Hydrogen Peroxide, Mercuric Oxide, Potassium Permanganate, Sodium Perborate or Sodium Iodate)
58
Orcein whe trated with ammonia and exposed to air produces what colors
Blue or violet colors
59
Why must paraffin wax be removed prior to staining?
Because it is poorly permeable to stains
60
It is a slotted jar which holds 5-9 slides
Coplin Jar
61
Tryphan blue must not be allowed to stand for more than how many hours before it becomes toxic to the cell?
One hour
62
Hematoxylin has a powerful ________ and ________ staining capacity
Nuclear , Chromatin
63
Metachromatic dyes belongs to the groups of
Thizine and Triphenylmethane groups
64
Action of dye is intensified by adding another agent
Indirect staining
65
Mordant in ehrlichs hematoxylin
Potassium alum
66
To stain the with a color that is dofferent from that of the stain itself is termed as?
Metachromasia / Metachromatic
67
Aluminum salt lakes are usually colored
Blue
68
a.) In decolorization, If the primary stain used is an acidic dye, differentiation is carried out by what type of solution
Alkaline solution
69
Proper disposal of unused reagents :
Inactivated by sodium chloride and dilute HCl
70
Combination of immunologic and histochemical techniques Allows phenotypic markers to be detected Uses poly/monoclonal fluorescent or enzyme labeled antibodies
Immunohistochemical staining
71
Stain for mitochondira
Janus Green
72
The active coloring substance is found in the acid component
Acid dye
73
Celloidin is also known as?
Cellulose Nitrate
74
Periodic acid schiff, demonstration for
Carbohydrates
75
Nucleus of cell is (susceptible/resistant) to vital stains?
Resistant
76
A metallic impregnating agent is not absorbed by tissue, but,
Is held physically on the surface as a precipitate
77
Rapid metachromatic staining of frozen sections is also know as?
Eye dropper method
78
Synthetic dyes are derived from the hydrocarbon benzene and are also known as
Aniline Dyes
79
to stain in color shades that are similar to the color of tye dye itself is termed as?
Orthochromic
80
Most commonly used agent for Impregnation
Silver nitrate
81
Cochineal dye is treated with _______ to produce
Carmine.
82
How do you remove stains from the skin?
Topical Application of 0.5% acid alcohol
83
Acts as a differentiatior for both basic and acidic dyes
Alcohol
84
Process of giving color to sections by using aquaeous or alcoholic dye solutions
Direct staining
85
To remove xylene you must use
Absolute alcohol
86
Most common method used for microanatomical studies of tissues
Hematoxylin and Eosin Technique
87
Demonstrates differentiation of nucleus and cytoplasm
Histological Staining
88
Length of ripening
3-4 months
89
Picric acid with carmine (picrocarmine) is used in
Neuropathological studies
90
Metacromatic Staining is usually done for staining ... (5)
``` Cartilage Connective Tissues Epithelial Mucus Mast Cell Granules Amyloid ```
91
Common Dyes in intravital staining
Lithium Carmine India ink
92
Dyes which are obtained from plants and animals.
Natural Dyes
93
Function of Iron alum as a mordant
Oxidized hematoxylin to a soluble colorless compound to decolorize tissue
94
For leukocyte differentiation
Irishmans stain
95
Active coloring agent in hematoxylin after oxidation
Hematin
96
Selective staining of living cell constituents
Vital staining
97
To remove iodine you must use :
3% Sodium Thiosulfate for 1-5 mins
98
If the dye permeates the membrane , it means the cell is?
Dead
99
Tissued fixed with these types of synthetic dyesfavor staining with basic dyes.
Basic Dyes
100
It is to stain living cells immediately after removal from the living body.
Supravital Staining
101
Type of stain in which The dye is injected to any part of the body producing specific coloration of certain cells.
Intravital Staining
102
Coles hematoxylin is ripened by
Alcoholic Iodine Solution
103
Paraffin sections with air bubbles are more likely to
Float (when deparaffinized and stained)
104
Most valuable metals for metallic impregnation
Gold chloride and silver nitrates
105
Selective removal of excess stain in order that a specific substance may be stained distinctly
Decolorization/Differentiation
106
Progressive staining is favored than regressive due to
Difficulty of intense staining of cell structures without staining other parts

Histopathology (3 decks)

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