Chapter 11

Question 1

What are the four vital signs?

Answer 1

1. body temp
2. pulse
3. respiratory rate
4. blood pressure

Question 2

What is the fifth new vital sign?

Answer 2

smoking status

Question 3

What is the number one preventable cause of illness and death?

Answer 3

smoking

Question 4

What is the normal body temperature? What is the range?

Answer 4

98.6 degrees F

Ranges: 96.0-99.5

Question 5

Normal pulse rate?

Answer 5

60-100 per minute

Question 6

Normal respiration?

Answer 6

12-20 per minute

Question 7

What is the top number of the blood pressure called?

Answer 7

Systolic

Question 8

What is the bottom number of the blood pressure called?

Answer 8

Diastolic

Question 9

What is the normal blood pressure?

Answer 9

<120/<80

Question 10

What’s the blood pressure numbers for prehypertension?

Answer 10

120-139/80-89

Question 11

Stage One hypertension:

Answer 11

140-159/90-99

Question 12

Stage Two Hypertension:

Answer 12

> 160/>100

Question 13

If vital signs are not within normal limits what should you do?

Answer 13

check with a physician

Question 14

What position should the pt. be when you are taking vital signs?

Answer 14

Upright position and at eye level

Question 15

Pulse

Answer 15

intermittent throbbing sensation felt when fingers are pressed against an artery

Question 16

What should be noted about the pulse?

Answer 16

irregularities of strength, rhythm, and quality of pulse

Question 17

What is increased pulse rate caused by?

Answer 17

exercise, stimulants, eating, strong emotions, extreme heat or cold

Question 18

What is decreased pulse rate caused by?

Answer 18

sleep, depressants, fasting, quieting emotions, and low vitality from prolonged illness

Question 19

tachycardia

Answer 19

an unusually fast heartbeat (over 100 beats per min. in an adult)

Question 20

bradycardia

Answer 20

an unusually slow heartbeat (below beats per min.)

Question 21

Where can you take the pulse?

Answer 21

• Radial (wrist for clinical setting)
• Carotid (during CPR)
• Brachial (used on infant)

Question 22

Respiration

Answer 22

supplies oxygen to the tissues and eliminate carbon dioxide

Question 23

What causes an increased respiration?

Answer 23

work, exercise, excitement, shock,nervousness, pain and strong emotions

Question 24

What causes a decreased respiration?

Answer 24

sleep, certain drugs, pulmonary deficiency

Question 25

Factors to observe when taking pt. respiration:

Answer 25

depth, rhythm, quality, sounds

Question 26

Blood Pressure

Answer 26

The force exerted by the blood on the blood vessel walls. When the left ventricle of heart contracts, blood is forced into the aorta and travels through the larger arteries to the smaller arteries, arterioles,, and capillaries. The pulsations extend from the heart thru the arteries and disappear into the arterioles; during this course the blood pressure is changing constantly.

Question 27

Systolic pressure

Answer 27

the peak or the highest pressure. Normal is less than 120 mmHg

Question 28

Diastolic pressure

Answer 28

lowest is pressure. Normal is less than 80 mmHg

Question 29

Pulse pressure

Answer 29

the difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures. Normal or safe difference is less than 40 mmHg

Question 30

mmHG

Answer 30

millimeters of mercury

Question 31

What do you take blood pressure with?

Answer 31

Mercury sphygmomanometer

Question 32

Procedure for determining blood pressure:

Answer 32

1. Prepare pt. 2. Apply cuff ( apply at level of heart, fasten cuff snugly) 3. Inflate cuff 4. Position the stethoscope end piece 5. Deflate the cuff gradually 6. Repeat for conformation 7. Record b.p and a fraction

Question 33

What does the dental personnel have an obligation to do?

Answer 33

advise and refer for further evaluation

Question 34

Auscultation

Answer 34

Listening for sounds produced within the body. May be performed directly or with a stethoscope

Question 35

Korotoff sounds

Answer 35

The sounds heard during the determination of blood pressure; sounds originating within the blood passing through the vessel or produced by vibratory motion of the arterial wall