Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Chapter 11 Psych > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

(61 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Conscience

A

Part of the superego that produces pride or guilt, depending on how acceptable behavior is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Fixation

A

Disorder in which the person does not fully resolve the conflict in a particular psychosexual stage, resulting in personality traits and behavior associated with that earlier stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Psychosexual Stages

A

Five stages of personality development proposed by Freud and tied to the sexual development of the child

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Oral Stage

A

First stage occurring in the first year of life in which the mouth is the erogenous zone and weaning is the primary conflict

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Anal Stage

A

Second stage occurring from about 1 to 3 years of age, in which the anus is the erogenous zone and toilet training is the source of conflict

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Anal Expulsive Personality

A

A person fixated in the anal stage who is messy, destructive, and hostile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Anal Retentive Personality

A

A person fixated in the anal stage who is neat, fussy, stingy, and stubborn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Phallic Stage

A

Third stage occurring from about 3 to 6 years of age, in which the child discovers sexual feelings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Oedipus Complex

A

Situation occurring in the phallic stage in which a child develops a sexual attraction to the opposite sex parent and jealousy of the same sex parent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Identification

A

Defense mechanism in which a person tries to become like someone else to deal with anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Latency

A

Fourth stage occurring during the school years, in which the sexual feelings of the child are repressed while the child develops in other ways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Psychoanalysis

A

Freud’s term for both the theory of personality and the therapy based on it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Neo-Freudians

A

Followers of Freud who developed their own competing psychodynamic theories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Personal Unconscious

A

Jung’s name for the unconscious mind as described by Freud

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Collective Unconscious

A

Jung’s name for the memories shared by all members of the human species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Archetypes

A

Jung’s collective, universal human memories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Basic anxiety

A

Anxiety created when a child is born into the bigger and more powerful world of older children and adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Neurotic Personalities

A

Personalities typified by maladaptive ways of dealing with relationships in Horney’s theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Habits

A

In behaviorism, sets of well learned responses that have become automatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Social cognitive learning theorists

A

Theorists who emphasize the importance of both the influence of other people’s behavior and of a person’s own expectancies of learning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Social cognitive view

A

Learning theory that includes cognitive processes such as anticipating, judging, memory, and imitation of models

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Reciprocal determinism

A

Bandura’s explanation of how the factors of environment, personal characteristics, and behavior can interact to determine future behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Self-efficacy

A

Individual’s expectancy of how effective his or her efforts to accomplish a goal will be in any particular circumstance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Locus of control

A

The tendency for people to assume that they either have control or do not have control over events and consequences in their lives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Expectancy
A person's subjective feeling that a particular behavior will lead to a reinforcing consequence
26
Humanistic perspective
The "third force" in psychology that focuses on those aspects of personality that make people uniquely human, such as subjective feelings and freedom of choice
27
Self-actualizing tendency
The striving to fulfill one's innate capacities and capabilties
28
Self-concept
The image of oneself that develops from interactions with important, significant people in one's life
29
Self
An individual's awareness of their own personal characteristics and level of functioning
30
Real self
One's perception of actual characteristics, traits, and abilities
31
Ideal self
One's perception of whom one should be or would like to be
32
Positive regard
Warmth, affection, love, and respect that come from significant others in one's life
33
Unconditional positive regard
Positive regard that is given without conditions or strings attached
34
Conditional positive regard
Positive regard that is given only when the person is doing what the providers of positive regard wish
35
Fully functioning person
A person who is in touch with and trusting of the deepest, innermost urges and feelings
36
Trait theories
Theories that endeavor to describe the characteristics that make up human personality in an effort to predict future behavior
37
Trait
A consistent, enduring way of thinking, feeling, or behaving
38
Surface traits
Aspects of personality that can easily be seen by other people in the outward actions of a person
39
Source traits
The more basic traits that underlie the surface traits, forming the core of personality
40
Introversion
Dimension of personality in which people tend to withdraw from excessive stimulation
41
Five-factor model (big five)
Model of personality traits that describes five basic trait dimensions
42
Openness
One of the five factors; willingness to try new things and be open to new experiences
43
Conscientiousness
The care a person gives to organization and thoughtfulness of others; dependability
44
Extraversion
Dimension of personality referring to one's need to be with other people
45
Extraverts
People who are outgoing and sociable
46
Introverts
People who prefer solitude and dislike being the center of attention
47
Agreeableness
The emotional style of a person that may range from easygoing, friendly, and likeable to grumpy, crabby, and unpleasant
48
Neuroticism
Degree of emotional instability or stability
49
Trait-situation interaction
The assumption that the particular circumstances of any given situation will influence the way in which a trait is expressed
50
Behavioral genetics
Field of study devoted to discovering the genetic bases for personality characteristics
51
Interview
Method of personality assessment in which the professional asks questions of the client and allows the client to answer, either in a structured or unstructured fashion
52
Halo effect
Tendency of an interviewer to allow positive characteristics of a client to influence the assessments of the client's behavior and statements
53
Projection
Defense mechanism involving placing, or "projecting," one's own unacceptable thoughts onto others, as if the thoughts actually belonged to those others and not to oneself
54
Projective tests
Personality assessments that present ambiguous visual stimuli to the client and ask the client to respond with whatever comes to mind
55
Rorschach inkblot test
Projective tests that uses 10 inkblots as the ambiguous stimuli
56
Thematic apperception test (TAT)
Projective test that uses 20 pics of people in ambiguous situations as the visual stimuli
57
Subjective
Referring to concepts and impressions that are only valid within a particular person's perception and may be influenced by biases, prejudice, and personal experiences
58
Direct observation
Assessment in which the professional observes the client engaged in ordinary, day to day behavior in either a clinical or natural setting
59
Rating scale
Assessment in which a numerical value is assigned to specific behavior that is listed in the scalr
60
Frequency count
Assessment in which the frequency of a particular behavior is counted
61
Personality inventory
Paper and pencil or computerized test that consists of statements that require a specific, standardized response from the person taking the test

Chapter 11 Psych (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions