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Science > Chapter 11 Fossils > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Fossils Flashcards

1
Q

Most fossils are…

A

Marine (ocean) organisms

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2
Q

Petrified wood forms by a process called…

A

Replacement

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3
Q

Which of the following substances commonly contains fossils?
1. Amber
2. Magma
3. Liquid Water
4. All of the above
(Just for YOU Avery)

A
  1. Amber
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4
Q

What remarkable discovery came from the examination of a thigh bone of a Tyrannosaurus Rex fossil in 2005?

A

Soft Tissues

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5
Q

What is the name for the study of fossils?

A

Paleontology

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6
Q

Who developed the system used today to classify organisms?

A

Carolus Linnaeus

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7
Q

Fossils that would show organisms in the process of revoking from one form to another are known as…

A

Transitional forms

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8
Q

When the population of a species begins to shrink due to having more deaths than births in a generation, it is possibly headed toward…

A

Extinction

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9
Q

Fossil fuels do not include…

A

Hydrothermal fluids

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10
Q

Some forms of coal have been properly classified as…

A

Metamorphic rock

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11
Q

Nearly half of the electrics power plants in the United States use this fuel.

A

Coal

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12
Q

Which of the following is obtained by drilling?
1. Coal
2. Natural Gas
3. Neither 1 or 2
4. Both 1 and 2
(Just for YOU Avery)

A
  1. Natural Gas
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13
Q

Which of the following shows the most likely order of development for these materials?
1. Bituminous coal to peat to lignite
2. Peat to Bituminous coal to lignite
3. Lignite to peat to Bituminous coal
4. Peat to lignite to bituminous coal
(Just for YOU Avery)

A
  1. Peat to lignite to bituminous coal
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14
Q

True or false
It is possible for animals to become fossilized when exposed only to air?

A

True

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15
Q

True or false
Lignite, Bituminous Coal, and Anthracite are forms of coal listed in order of increasing carbon content?

A

True

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16
Q

Shells compacted into rock to form coquina?

A

Original materials

17
Q

A leaf film on the surface of a flat piece of slate?

A

Carbon Print

18
Q

Secular scientists believe that the fossils in the La Brea Tat Pits can tell us much about the… ? …that existed shortly after the Ice Age near present-day Los Angeles.

A

Climate

19
Q

A fossilized track or burrow made by an animal would be called a(n)?

A

Trace Fossil

20
Q

Today, the carcass of a dead animal will usually disappear in a matter of weeks or months due to…

A

Decay

21
Q

If Archaeopteryx were found alive today, it would most likely be classified as a(n)?

A

Bird

22
Q

Old-earth paleontologists must look for evidence of mass extinction and biological evolution in the fossil record because their… ? …requires it.

A

Worldview

23
Q

Natural gas is almost always found along with…

A

Crude Oil/Petroleum

24
Q

Oil reservoirs are often found under an arched section of impermeable rock strata called a(n)?

A

Oil Trap

25
Q

Carbon Dioxide, a product of the combustion of fossil fuels, can reap beauty in our atmosphere and as a result has been called a(n)… ? …gas.

A

Greenhouse

26
Q

Why are fossils not forming today when so many organisms continue to die?

A

To be fossilized, an organism must be quickly covered by sediment. Today, most dead organisms are consumed by scavengers or decay due to decomposers before they can be buried.

27
Q

What is the main problem with using index fossils to determine the age of a rock layer?

A

Scientists assign an age to the fossil in the basis of which layer it came from, then apply that same age to layers in other location where the same index fossil occurs.

28
Q

According to most secular scientists today, what cause the extinction of the dinosaurs?

A

Most secular scientist believe that large meteorite struck the earth, triggering lengthy climatic changes. The cooler temperature would have made food less available and may also have aided the rise of mammals.

29
Q

List at least 3 products that contain coal or some of its byproducts.

A

Paints, perfumes, rubber, & plastic items

30
Q

What is the major difference between the old-earth and young-earth views on how coal developed?

A

The major difference in view is the amount of time that it took. Young-earth geologists believe that coal could have formed rapidly; they have even created artificial coal under lab conditions in less than one day, far more quickly that the millions of years that the old-earth view requires.

31
Q

Define a fossil. Use an example to explain how one forms.

A

A fossil is any remains or trace of a formerly living thing preserved by natural processes. After an organism dies it must be buried rapidly to avoid decay or scavenging or both. Once buried, the organism goes through one of a variety of different processes to become a fossil. For example, an organism could be buried in ash from a volcano. After the ash hardens, the organism could decay, leaving behind a mold. If minerals filled in the mold,
A cast would be formed.

32
Q

All the following statements would be acceptable to a young-earth scientist EXCEPT which one?
1. Most fossils bearing sedimentary rocks came from the flood
2. Volcanic eruptions probably accompanied the flood and released ash
3. Birds were killed and buried later in the flood event than amphibians were
4. Fossils found in the same layer came from organisms from the same habitat
(Just for YOU Avery)

A
  1. Fossils found in the same layer came from organisms from the same habitat
33
Q

Are you ready for the test?

A

Yes

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