Chapter 11-Gastrointestinal System Flashcards
(149 cards)
1
Q
Chyme
A
paste-like substance food becomes after mixing with stomach acids
2
Q
Three main types of usable food fuel
A
proteins, carbohydrates, and fat
3
Q
Pylorus
A
muscle at end of stomach leading into the intestine
4
Q
or/o, stomat/o
A
mouth
5
Q
gingiv/o
A
gums
6
Q
dent/o, odont/o
A
teeth
7
Q
gloss/o, lingu/o
A
tongue
8
Q
gastr/o
A
stomach
9
Q
esophag/o
A
esophagus
10
Q
enter/o
A
intestines
11
Q
duoden/o
A
duodenum
12
Q
jejun/o
A
jejunum
13
Q
ile/o
A
ileum
14
Q
col/o, colon/o
A
colon(large intestine)
15
Q
sigmoid/o
A
sigmoid colon
16
Q
rect/o
A
rectum
17
Q
an/o
A
anus
18
Q
proct/o
A
anus and rectum
19
Q
bile
A
chemicals from the liver
20
Q
bil/i, chol/e
A
bile(gall)
21
Q
sial/o
A
saliva
22
Q
abdomin/o, celi/o, lapar/o
A
abdomen
23
Q
cyst/o
A
bladder
24
Q
doch/o
A
duct
25
hepat/o, hepatic/o
liver
26
pancreat/o
pancreas
27
peritone/o
peritoneum
28
stomatodynia
mouth pain
29
esophalgia
esophageal pain
30
emesis
vomit
31
obstipation
When obstruction blocks even gas from passing
32
cholecystalgia
gallbladder pain
33
bilirubin
yellow substance produced when red blood cells break down
34
aphagia
inability to eat
35
dentalgia
tooth pain
36
dyspepsia
bad digestion
37
gastralgia
stomach pain
38
gastrodynia
stomach pain
39
gingivostomatitis
inflammation of the mouth and gums
40
hematemesis
vomiting blood
41
hyperemesis
excessive vomiting
42
odontalgia
tooth pain
43
odontodynia
tooth pain
44
stomatitis
inflammation of the mouth
45
diarrhea
passing of fluid or unformed feces
46
dysentery
another name for diarrhea
47
hemorroid
inflammation of the veins surrounding the anus
48
icterus
another name for jaundice
49
jaundice
yellowing of skin, tissue, and fluids caused by increased levels of bilirubin in the blood
50
palpate
to touch something
51
guarding
masses, pain, or tensing in the abdominal muscles in response to pain
52
steatorrhea
fat in the stool(indicating disease)
53
stool culture
test for determining bacteria present in the stool
54
gingivitis
inflammation of the gums
55
stomatogastric
pertaining to the mouth and stomach
56
stomatosis
mouth condition
57
flatus
medical term for passing gas(farts)
58
hernia
rupture or protusion of an organ through the wall that normally contains it
59
ascites
retention of fluid in the peritoneum
60
cholelith
gallstone(stone in bile)
61
hepatomegaly
enlargement of the liver
62
pancreatolith
stone in the pancreas
63
sialolith
stone in the saliva
64
endoscopy
procedure for looking inside
64
colonoscopy
procedure for looking at the colon
65
esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD)
procedure for looking in the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
65
esophagoscopy
procedure for looking at the esophagus
66
gastroscopy
procedure for looking at the stomach
66
fecal occult blood test (FOBT)
test of feces to discover blood not visibly apparent
67
laparoscope
instrument for looking at the abdomen
68
laparoscopy
procedure for looking inside the abdomen
69
nasogastric tube(NGT)
tube inserted through the nose into the stomach
70
proctoscope
instrument for looking at the anus and rectum
71
proctoscopy
procedure for looking at the anus and rectum
72
sigmoidoscopy
procedure for looking at the sigmoid colon
73
cholangiogram
record of the bile vessels(ducts)
74
cholangiography
procedure for mapping the bile vessels(ducts)
75
cholangiopancreatography
procedure for mapping the bile vessels(ducts) and pancreas
76
pancreatography
procedure for mapping of the pancreas
77
bariatrics
branch of medicine dealing with weight issues
78
gastroenterologist
specialist in the stomach and intestines
79
gastroenterology
study of the stomach and intestines
80
orthodontics
branch of medicine dealing with the straightening of teeth
81
orthodontist
specialist in straightening teeth
82
proctologist
specialist in anus, rectum, and colon
83
proctology
branch of medicine anus, rectum, and colon
84
acute gastroeneteritis
infection of entire GI tract
85
enteropathy
when intestines don't work properly
86
pyloric stenosis
narrowing of the pyloris(opening b/w stomach and intestines)
87
cholangitis
inflammation of the bile vessels(ducts)
87
esophagitis
inflammation of the esophagus
88
gastritis
inflammation of the stomach
89
colitis
inflammation of the colon
89
gastroenteritis
inflammation of the stomach and intestines
90
gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)
disease in which acid comes up from the stomach and damages the esophagus
91
colorectal carcinoma
cancerous tumor of the colon or rectum
92
duodenitis
inflammation of the duodenum
93
fistula
any abnormal passage in the body that shouldn't be there
94
choledocholithiasis
presence of a stone in the (common) bile duct
95
cholecystitis
inflammation of the bile (gall) bladder
96
cholelithiasis
presence of a gallstone
97
cirrhosis
liver disease named for the change of color(yellow) in the liver
98
pancreatolithiasis
presence of a stone in the pancreas
98
hepatitis
liver inflammation
99
laparocele
abdominal hernia
100
pancreatitis
inflammation of the pancreas
101
peritonitis
inflammation of the peritoneum
102
sialoadenitis
inflammation of the salivary glands
103
sialolithiasis
presence of salivary stones
104
enema
tube passed through anus to colon to administer fluid to flush out stuck stool
105
laparotomy
cutting open abdomen
106
appendectomy
removal of appendix
107
antiemetic
agent that prevents or relieves nausea or vomiting
107
antiacid
agent that neutralizes acid
108
cathartic
agent that produces bowel movement
109
gastrectomy
surgical removal of stomach
110
gastroduo-denostomy
creation of an opening between the stomach and duodenum
111
glossorrhaphy
suture of the tongue
112
odontectomy
surgical removal of tooth
113
anastomosis
creation of an opening; surgical procedure connecting two previously unconnected hollow tubes
114
colostomy
creation of an opening in the colon
115
duodenectomy
surgical removal of the duodenum
116
hemorrhoidectomy
surgical removal of hemorrhoids
117
herniorrhaphy
suture of a hernia
118
ileostomy
creation of an opening in the ileum
119
abdominocentesis
puncture of the abdomen(usually for withdrawing fluid)
120
choledocholithectomy
surgical removal of a stone from a (common) bile duct
120
cholecystectomy
surgical removal of the bile (gall) bladder
121
cholelithotripsy
crushing of the bile (gall) stones
122
laparoscopic surgery
use of laparoscope to perform minimally invasive surgery
123
pancreatectomy
surgical removal of the pancreas
124
pancreatolithectomy
surgical removal of stones in the pancreas
125
sialoadenectomy
removal of a salivary gland
126
BE
barium enema
127
BM
bowel movement
128
ERCP
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
129
EUS
endoscopic ultrasound
130
GB
gallbladder
131
GI
gastrointestinal
132
LFT
liver function test
133
LLQ
left lower quadrant
134
LUQ
left upper quadrant
134
N&V
nausea and vomiting
135
NPO
nothing by mouth (nil per os)
136
PEG
percutaneous endoscopic gastrotomy
137
PUD
peptic ulcer disease
138
RLQ
right lower quadrant
139
RUQ
right upper quadrant
140
UGI
upper gastrointestinal
