chapter 11; personal

Question 1

what is the first step in bioprinting

Answer 1

Stem cells from the patient are put in a growth medium so they can multiply. When sufficient cells are available they are put in to bioprinter cartridges

Question 2

step 2 in bioprinting

Answer 2

The stem cells form what can be termed
a ‘bioink’which, once loaded into cartridges, can be used in the bioprinting process.
A cartridge is made from a chamber attached to a long extrusion nozzle fitted with a syringe.

Question 3

step 3 of bioprinting

Answer 3

The bioprinter is drrven by software that lays down the stem cells in precise patterns Cells can be put down in layers interspersed with a water-based mate rial called hydrogel, which forms a temporary mould around the cells. St icky polymers can also be used to form a scaffold for cells (see Figure 1 1.23). The scaffolding material is laid down by separate nozzles on the bioprinter

Question 4

step 4 of bioprinting

Answer 4

The printed tissue is left to grow.

Question 5

step 5 of bioprinting

Answer 5

The printed tissue can be used in transplants or in medical research

Question 6

lab grown tissues and bioprinting

Answer 6

Lab-grown tissues and organs can be made by creatrng artificial scaffolds rn the shape of the desrred organ and then add ng ving cells to the scaffold. Bioprinting lays down layer after layer of lrve cells to form human tissue The malor problem in creating tissue has been mak ng the vascu ar system (that s the blood supp y, via arteries, capillaries and veins) needed to prov de cells with oxygen and nutrients