Chapter 11 Terms Flashcards
(27 cards)
affirmative action
positive efforts to recruit minority group members or women for jobs, promotions, and educational opportunities
amalgamation
the process through which a majority group and a minority group combine to form a new group
anti-semitism
anti-jewish prejudice
apartheid
a former policy of the South African government, designed to maintain the seperation of blacks and other non-whites from the dominant whites
assimilation
the process through which a person foresakes his or her cultural tradition to become part of a different culture
black power
a political philosphy, promoted by many younger blacks in the 1960s, that supported the creation of black controlled political and economic institutions
color-blind racism
the use of the principle of race neutrality to defend a racially unequal status quo
contact hypothesis
an interactionist perspective which states that in cooperative circumstances, interracial contact between people of equal status will reduce prejudice
discrimination
the denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups becuase of prejudice or other arbitrary reasons
ethnic group
a group that is set apart from others primarily because of its national origin or distinctive cultural patterns
ethnocentrism
the tendency to assume that one’s own culture and way of life represent the norm or are superior to all others
exploitation theory
a Marxist theory that views racial subordination in the US as a manifestation of the class system inherent in capitalism
genocide
the deliberate, systematic killing of an entire people or nation
glass ceiling
an invisible barrier that blocks the promotion of qualified individual in a work envirnment because of the indivduals gender, race or ethnicity
institutional discrimination
the denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups that results from the normal operations of a society
minority group
a subordinate group whose members have significantly less control or power over their lives than the members of a dominant or majority group have over theirs
model, or ideal, minority
a subordinate group whose members supposedly have succeeded economically, socially, and educationally despite past prejudice and discrimination, and without resorting to confrontations with whites
pluralism
mutual respect for one anothers cultures among the various groups in society, which allows minorities to express their cultures without experiencing prejudice
prejudice
a negative attitude toward an entire category of people, often an ethnic or racial minority
racial formation
a sociohistorical process in which racial categories are created, inhabited, transformed, and destroyed
racial group
a group that is set apart from others because of physical difference that have taken on social significance
racism
the belief that one race is supreme and all others are innately inferior
segregation
the physical seperation of two groups of people in terms of residence, workplace, and social events; often imposed on a minority group by a dominant group
stereotype
an unreliable generalization about all members of a group that does not recognize individual differences within the group
