Chapter 11 The Great Communicator

Question 1

The ____ system is composed of ductless glands that secrete chemical messengers,called hormones, into the bloodstream

Answer 1

endocrine

Question 2

prefix means within

Answer 2

endo-

Question 3

suffix to secrete

Answer 3

-crine

Question 4

Greek word means impulse or set in motion

Answer 4

hormone

Question 5

list the glands of the endocrine system (there are 8)

Answer 5

1. Pituitary (1)
2. Thyroid (1)
3. Parathyroid (4)
4. Adrenals (2)
5. Pancreas (1)
6. Thymus (1)
7. Pineal (1)
8. Gondads (2)

Question 6

The master gland, maintains appropriate hormone levels in the body

Answer 6

pituitary gland

Question 7

combining form pituitary

Answer 7

pituit/o

Question 8

the pituitary gland is under the influence of the ___

Answer 8

hypothalamus

Question 9

combining form gland

Answer 9

aden/o

Question 10

abbreviation thyroid stimulating hormone

Answer 10

TSH

Question 11

augments secretion from the thyroid gland

Answer 11

thyroid stimulating hormone

Question 12

augments secretion from the adrenal glands

Answer 12

adrenocorticotropic hormone

Question 13

abbreviation adrenocorticotropic hormone

Answer 13

ACTH

Question 14

maintains water balance in the body by augmenting water reabsorption in the kidneys

Answer 14

antidiuretic hormone

Question 15

butterfly-shaped gland located on either side of the larynx

Answer 15

thyroid hormone

Question 16

combining form thyroid

Answer 16

thyroid/o, thyr/o

Question 17

this gland is responsible for regulation of metabolism, iodine uptake, Ca++ levels

Answer 17

thyroid gland

Question 18

thyroid hormone that promotes absorption of Ca++ from blood into bones

Answer 18

calcitonin

Question 19

thyroid hormones that regulate metabolism

Answer 19

thyroxine, triiodothyronine

Question 20

four glands on surface of thyroid gland, regulate blood Ca++ and phosphorous

Answer 20

parathyroid glands

Question 21

combining form parathyroid

Answer 21

parathyroid/o

Question 22

two small glands located cranial to each kidney

Answer 22

adrenal glands

Question 23

prefix toward

Answer 23

ad-

Question 24

combining form kidney

Answer 24

ren/o

Question 25

prefix above

Answer 25

supra-

Question 26

combining form adrenal

Answer 26

adren/o, adrenal/o

Question 27

outer portion of adrenal

Answer 27

cortex

Question 28

inner portion of adrenal

Answer 28

medulla

Question 29

the adrenal cortex secretes

Answer 29

corticosteroids

Question 30

a group of corticosteroids that regulate water balance by affecting transport in the kidney

Answer 30

mineralocorticoids

Question 31

a group of corticosteroids that regulate carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism; resistance to stress and immunologic function

Answer 31

glucocorticoids

Question 32

principle mineralocorticoid that regulates Na+ and K+

Answer 32

aldosterone

Question 33

a group of corticosteroids that regulate male sex characteristics

Answer 33

androgens

Question 34

combining form male

Answer 34

andr/o

Question 35

suffix producing

Answer 35

-gen

Question 36

synthetic medication similar to testosterone that are used to increase strength and muscle mass

Answer 36

Anabolic steroids

Question 37

breaking down

Answer 37

catabolism

Question 38

secretions of the adrenal medulla

Answer 38

epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 39

another name for epinephrine

Answer 39

adrenaline

Question 40

catecholamine responsible for fight or flight, increases HR, BP, BG

Answer 40

epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 41

aggregation of cells near the duodenum, endocrine and exocrine function

Answer 41

pancreas

Question 42

This endocrine organ is involved in blood glucose regulation

Answer 42

pancreas

Question 43

hormone that decreases blood glucose

Answer 43

insulin

Question 44

hormone that increases blood glucose

Answer 44

glucagon

Question 45

gland predominate in young animals in the cranioventral portion of the thorax, immunologic function

Answer 45

thymus

Question 46

combining form thymus

Answer 46

thym/o

Question 47

aggregation of cells in the central portion of the brain, affect circadian rhythm

Answer 47

pineal gland

Question 48

combining form pineal gland

Answer 48

pineal/o

Question 49

controls circadian rhythm and reproductive timing

Answer 49

melatonin

Question 50

sex cell

Answer 50

gamete

Question 51

gamete-producing glands

Answer 51

gonads

Question 52

disorder caused by deficient adrenal cortex

Answer 52

Hypoadrenocorticism, Addison's disease

Question 53

disorder caused by excessive adrenal cortex production

Answer 53

Hyperadrenocorticism, Cushing's disease

Question 54

condition of excessive thyroid hormone

Answer 54

hyperthyroidism

Question 55

condition of deficient thyroid hormone

Answer 55

hypothyroidism

Question 56

inflammation of the pancreas

Answer 56

pancreatitis

Question 57

tumor of the thymus

Answer 57

thymoma

Question 58

surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands

Answer 58

adrenalectomy

Question 59

chemical secreted by posterior pituitary that stimulates uterine contractions during parturition

Answer 59

oxytocin

Question 60

the regulator of the endocrine system

Answer 60

hypothalamus