Chapter 11 Vocab

Question 1

Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.

Answer 1

Crossing Over

Question 2

Fertilized Egg

Answer 2

Zygote

Question 3

Scientific study of heredity

Answer 3

Genetics

Question 4

Process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell

Answer 4

Fertilization

Question 5

Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits

Answer 5

Hybrid

Question 5

Specific characteristics of an individual

Answer 5

Trait

Question 5

Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and determines a trait. Passes from parent to offspring.

Answer 5

Gene

Question 6

One of a number of different forms of a gene

Answer 6

Allele

Question 7

Mendel’s second conclusion. States that some alleles are dominant and others are recessive

Answer 7

Principle of Dominance

Question 8

Separation of Alleles during gamete fermentation

Answer 8

Segregation

Question 9

Sex cell

Answer 9

Gamete

Question 10

Having 2 identical alleles for a particular gene

Answer 10

Homozygous

Question 11

Having 2 different alleles for a particular gene

Answer 11

Heterozygous

Question 12

Physical characteristics of an organism

Answer 12

Phenotypes

Question 13

Diagram that can be used to predict the genotype and phenotype combinations of a genetic cross.

Answer 13

Punnett Square

Question 14

Mandels Principle that states that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes.

Answer 14

Independent Assortment

Question 15

Situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another allele

Answer 15

Incomplete Dominance

Question 16

A gene that has more than 2 alleles

Answer 16

Multiple Alleles

Question 17

Term used to refer to a cell that contains 2 sets of homologous chromosomes

Answer 17

Diploid

Question 18

Term used to refer to chromosomes in which one set comes from the male and the other from the female.

Answer 18

Homologous

Question 19

Trait controlled by 2 or more genes

Answer 19

Polygenic Trait

Question 20

Situation in which the phenotypes produced by both alleles are completely expresses

Answer 20

Codominance

Answer 21

Genotype

Question 22

a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in the parent cell by half and produces four gamete cells.

Answer 22

Meiosis

Question 23

A cell that contains a single set of chromosomes (46)

Answer 23

Haploid