Chapter 11-weather And Water Cycle

Question 1

Atmosphere

Answer 1

The blanket of air surrounding earth

Question 2

Troposphere

Answer 2

The layer of air closest to the earth’s surface

Question 3

Air pressure

Answer 3

The weight of the atmosphere pressing down on earth’s surface

Question 4

Local winds

Answer 4

Movements of air that result from local changes in temperature

Question 5

Prevailing winds

Answer 5

Global winds that blow constantly from the same direction

Question 6

How many layers are in the atmosphere

Answer 6

5

Question 7

What are the layers of the atmosphere?

Answer 7

Troposphere, stratosphere, ozone layer, mesosphere, thermosphere

Question 8

What is the troposphere made of?

Answer 8

Gases of the atmosphere, water, dust, and other tiny particles

Question 9

Where does most of the earth’s weather occur?

Answer 9

The troposphere

Question 10

What layer contains the majority of ozone?

Answer 10

Stratosphere

Question 11

What does ozone do

Answer 11

Block harmful UV rays from the sun

Question 12

Are there clouds in the stratosphere?

Answer 12

No, clouds are rare because the air is too dry

Question 13

Where is the greatest air pressure

Answer 13

The closest area to the earth - at sea level

Question 14

What is the atmosphere made of?

Answer 14

Nitrogen - 78%
Oxygen - 20%
Argon - 1% 
Carbon Dioxide-1%
Water vapor - 4%

Question 15

How does the sun’s energy affect the early?

Answer 15

50% of energy absorbed by earth’s surface
5% reflected by earth’s surface
25% reflected by the clouds
20% reflected by the air

Question 16

How is wind created?

Answer 16

Cool dense air sinks closest to the earth as warmer air rises. This move my of air masses creates wind

Question 17

How do local winds arise?

Answer 17

Often occurs when there is a lake and the air is cooler over the water and moves toward the warmer land. At night time it reverses and air is cooler over land so the wind blows from land to water

Question 18

What are prevailing winds?

Answer 18

Global winds all over the earth that always blow the same direction caused by uneven heating of large areas of the earth’s surface

Question 19

What are the names of the prevailing winds

Answer 19

Polar easterlies
Northeastern trades
Prevailing westerlies
Southeastern trades

Question 20

Water cycle

Answer 20

The process in which water continuously moves from the earth’s surface into the atmosphere

Question 21

Evaporation

Answer 21

The process of a liquid changing into a gas

Question 22

Condensation

Answer 22

The process of a gas changing into a liquid

Question 23

Humidity

Answer 23

A measurement of the water vapor in the air

Question 24

Precipitation

Answer 24

Water that falls from the air to earth

Question 25

What are the steps of the water cycle

Answer 25

1. Water vapor rises from the ocean 2. Vapor mixes with dust particles in air 3. Water vapor condenses into clouds 4. Rain falls from clouds 5. Water runs from the land into rivers that flow into the ocean

Question 26

Stratus clouds

Answer 26

Low in atmosphere, flat, cover the sky can get moderate rainfall and snowfall

Question 27

Cumulus clouds

Answer 27

Big puffy clouds usually indicate fair weather, but as it grows bigger rain can develop

Question 28

Cirrus clouds

Answer 28

Form high in the atmosphere in very cold air, mostly made of ice crystals, wispy

Question 29

Rain

Answer 29

Liquid water precipitation that falls from the sky

Question 30

Snow

Answer 30

Water vapor turns into solid Ice crystals inside a cloud

Question 31

Sleet

Answer 31

Forms when rain hits cool air and becomes partially frozen and partially liquid

Question 32

Hail

Answer 32

Liquid rain falls from a cloud and completely freezes in cold air creating dense ice cubes.

Question 33

Fog

Answer 33

Water vapor condenses near the ground forming a cloud at the ground level

Question 34

What factors affect the water cycle

Answer 34

``` How close location is to equator How close place is to the earth's poles Shape of the land (mountains, valleys) Coastlines Temperatures Air pressure ```

Question 35

Air mass

Answer 35

A large body of air that has the same temperature and humidity throughout

Question 36

Front

Answer 36

The border where two air masses meet

Question 37

Climate

Answer 37

The pattern of weather an area experiences over a long period of time

Question 38

How do you measure weather

Answer 38

Hygrometer and barometer

Question 39

Hygrometer

Answer 39

Measures humidity

Question 40

Barometer

Answer 40

Measures air pressure

Question 41

Anemometer

Answer 41

Measures wind speed

Question 42

Wind sock

Answer 42

Measures wind direction

Question 43

Wind. And

Answer 43

Measures wind direction

Question 44

What type of clouds bring precipitation

Answer 44

Cumulus clouds bring rain | Stratus clouds bring moderate precipitation

Question 45

What types of fronts are there?

Answer 45

Cold and warm

Question 46

How does a cold front form

Answer 46

Cold air mass moves under a warm air mass. The warm air mass is less dense and it is pushed up. This forms cumulonimbus clouds producing heavy rain and thunderstorms

Question 47

What kind of precipitation forms with cumulonimbus clouds

Answer 47

Thunderstorms and heavy rain

Question 48

How does a warm front form?

Answer 48

Warm air mass moves over a cold air mass. The warm air slides over the cold air. And forms a stratus cloud that causes long lasting rain or snow.

Question 49

What type of front creates cumulonimbus clouds

Answer 49

Cold front

Question 50

What type of front creates stratus clouds

Answer 50

Warm front

Question 51

What factors create weather in your town?

Answer 51

Local winds, temperature, time of day, season of the year