Chapter 12

Question 0

Carbon

Answer 0

Forms 4 bonds; tetrahedral (109)

Question 1

Organic chemistry is…

Answer 1

Chemistry of carbon and Carbon containing compounds

Question 2

Organic molecules have…

Answer 2

> covalent bonds (multiple)
polarity
contain H,O,N

Question 3

Functional groups

Answer 3

> Contain atoms like O,N or double or triple bonds

>determine the physical properties(water solubility) and chemical reactions

Question 4

Hydrocarbons

Answer 4

>Carbon and Hydrogen
> 4 classes:
-alkanes
-alkenes
-alkynes
-aromatics

Question 5

Expanded structure

Answer 5

Show all covalent bonds between atoms

Question 6

Condensed structure

Answer 6

Do not show bonds between carbons and hydrogen all other bonds are shown

Question 7

Skeletal structure

Answer 7

Hydrogen atoms are bonded to carbon are not shown other hydrogen are shown

Question 8

Line-angle structure

Answer 8

Only carbon to carbon bonds are shown no hydrogen to carbon bonds are shown

Question 9

Straight-chain alkane

Answer 9

Alkane with all it’s carbons connected in a row

Question 10

Branched-chain alkane

Answer 10

An alkane that has a branching connection of carbons

Question 11

Constitutional isomers

Answer 11

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different connections

Question 12

C-C

Answer 12

Infinite number of possible 3 dimensional conformations

Question 13

Meth

Answer 13

1C

Question 14

Eth

Answer 14

2C

Question 15

Prop

Answer 15

3C

Question 16

But-

Answer 16

4C

Question 17

Pent

Answer 17

5C

Question 18

Hex

Answer 18

6C

Question 19

Hept

Answer 19

7C

Question 20

Oct

Answer 20

8C

Question 21

Non

Answer 21

9C

Question 22

Dec

Answer 22

10C

Question 23

Hydrocarbons (card 2)

Answer 23

> come from oil

> do not dissolve in water

Question 24

Common Alkanes

Answer 24

``` >Mineral oil >petroleum jelly. >roofing tar >candle wax >natural gas >gasoline >asphalt ```

Question 25

Properties of alkanes

Answer 25

``` >odorless/mild odor >colorless; tasteless; nontoxic >non-polar; insoluble in water; soluble In non-polar solutions >less dense(floats) >flammable ```

Question 26

Chemical properties of alkanes

Answer 26

>chemically stable (unreactive) - combustion [CO2+O+H2O] - halogenation [reacts with F2,CL2,Br2 & heat or light]

Question 27

Ozone depletion

Answer 27

Reverse reaction to halogenation

Question 28

Cycloakanes

Answer 28

``` A ring of carbons > London forces >insoluble in water >low density >unreactive ```