Chapter 12

Question 0

Bishop

Answer 0

Head of christian community in each city

Bishop of Rome, Jerusalem, Antioch and Alexandria had more power

Question 1

Wergild

Answer 1

Fine given to wrongdoers.

Alternative to fighting and family rivalries

Question 2

Bishop of rome

Answer 2

Pope

Claimed he was the sole leader of the Catholic Church

Question 3

Monks.

Answer 3

Man cut off from world
Completely devoted to god,
Obedient and prayed often

Question 4

Benedictine rule

Answer 4

Rule of st Benedict

He who Founded monasticism

Question 5

Monasticism

Answer 5

Monk hood

Complete devotion to god created by st Benedict

Question 6

Charlemagne

Answer 6

King of the franks

Very skilled in intelligence but couldn’t read

Question 7

Carolingian empire

Answer 7

Empire created by Charlemagne.

Expanded Frankish kingdom

Question 8

Missi Dominici

Answer 8

Messengers of The Lord king

Ensured kings wishes were fulfilled

Question 9

Vikings

Answer 9

Barbaric people
Fought and stayed in tribes.
Threatened civilizations

Question 10

Feudalism

Answer 10

Organization

Lords ruled vassals, had armies of them

Question 11

Fief

Answer 11

Piece of land held from The Lord by a vassal

They worked on it and fought in war in exchange for housing and protection.

Question 12

Lord

Answer 12

Ruler of vassals

Had personal armies of them.

Question 13

Vassal

Answer 13

Worker/laborer/soldier

Worked for lords and got protection

Question 14

Knight

Answer 14

Warrior of chain armor

Institution of knighthood united them to lords

Question 15

William the conqueror

Answer 15

(William of Normandy)
Defeated king Harold
Crowned king of England.
Combined Anglo Saxon and Norman institutions.

Question 16

Henry II

Answer 16

King of England

Enlarged monarchal power c

Question 17

Parliament

Answer 17

Group assigned to consent taxes.

Composed of two knights from each city.

Question 18

Estates general.

Answer 18

First French parliament

Little real power

Question 19

Holy Roman Empire

Answer 19

Empire created by Frederick I and II
Italy was center
Emperors Struggled with pope for power

Question 20

Carucca

Answer 20

Wheeled plow pulled by horses.

Made farming easier

Question 21

Manorial system

Answer 21

A manor was owned by a lord and ran by serfs

Serfs worked on demesne

Question 22

Peasants

Answer 22

Poor people
Worked on farms for entire lifetimes and generations
Part of the manorial system

Question 23

Trade

Answer 23

Exchange of one product for another

Brought cultural diffusion and interactions between people

Question 24

Cities

Answer 24

Walled town with merchants and job opportunities Peasants left manors to live here Unsanitary and contained plague

Question 25

Great schism.

Answer 25

Two popes were elected. Because of majority of popes were French Divided Europe

Question 26

Papacy at Avignon

Answer 26

Residency of the pope was in Avignon | Avignon was influenced by France, and many popes were French.

Question 27

Lay investiture

Answer 27

Secular rulers chose nominees to church offices | This brought a disagreement between the church and state rulers.

Question 28

Concordat of worms.

Answer 28

Compromise between Henry IV and pope Gregory the 7th | A bishop would now be elected by church officials, and then paid homage to the state ruler.

Question 29

Cistercian order

Answer 29

Strict lifestyle of religion | Monks had a strict diet and way of life in general.

Question 30

Universities

Answer 30

Rich males could now receive an education | This brought more job opportunities and made everyone susceptible to new ideas, which spread faster.

Question 31

Scholasticism

Answer 31

System of medieval schools | Tried to harmonize church teachings with philosophy.

Question 32

Thomas aquinas

Answer 32

Saint | Most famous for attempts of scholasticism

Question 33

Gothic architecture

Answer 33

Combination of ribbed vaults and pointed arches | Used flying buttresses

Question 34

The crusades

Answer 34

War over the royal lands | Complete failure for Catholics, who were promised heaven for fighting.

Question 35

Black Death

Answer 35

Deadly disease Killed thousands, No one knew what was happening Pope was turned to for answers, had none.

Question 36

Hundred year war

Answer 36

Declared by England because of land feud. | France vs England