Chapter 12

Question 1

oasis

Answer 1

a wet fertile area in a desert

Question 2

caravan

Answer 2

a group of traders that travel together

Question 3

Muhammad

Answer 3

brought a new religion to Arabia

Question 4

Islam

Answer 4

the messages Muhammad received form this religion

Question 5

Muslim

Answer 5

A Follower of Islam

Question 6

Qur’an

Answer 6

the holy book of Islam

Question 7

pilgrimage

Answer 7

a journey to a sacred place

Question 8

mosque

Answer 8

building for a Muslim prayer

Question 9

jihad

Answer 9

means “to make an effort or to struggle

Question 10

Sunnah

Answer 10

refers to the way Muhammad lived which provides a model for the duties and the way of life expected of Muslims

Question 11

Five Pillars of Islam

Answer 11

five acts of worship required of all Muslims

Question 12

Abu Bakr

Answer 12

one of Muhammads first converts to be the next leader of Islam

Question 13

caliph

Answer 13

a title that Muslims use for the highest leader of Islam

Question 14

tolerance

Answer 14

acceptance

Question 15

Janissaries

Answer 15

slave soldiers who converted to Islam and became fierce warriors

Question 16

Mehmed II

Answer 16

used huge cannons to conquer Constanople

Question 17

Suleyman I

Answer 17

The Ottoman empire reached its height under his rule. Also called Suleyman the magnificent

Question 18

Shia

Answer 18

Muslims who thought that only Muhammads descendants could become caliphs

Question 19

Sunni

Answer 19

didn’t think caliphs had to be related to Muhammad

Question 20

Ibn Battutah

Answer 20

traveled to Africa China India and Spain

Question 21

Sufism

Answer 21

The movement of others focusing on spiritual issues

Question 22

Omar Khayyam

Answer 22

One of the most famous Sufi poets

Question 23

patrons

Answer 23

sponsors

Question 24

minaret

Answer 24

narrow tower where Muslims are called to pray

Question 25

calligraphy

Answer 25

decorative writing