chapter 12 Flashcards
Oasis
A wet, fertile area in a desert
Caravan
A group of traders that travel together
Muhammad
Arab prophet and founder of Islam; born in Mecca around 570
Islam
The messages Muhammad believed he received on the basis of the religion
Muslim
Follower of Islam
Qur’ an
The holy book of Islam
Pilgrimage
A journey to a sacred place
Mosque
Building for Muslim prayer
jihad
Means “to make an effort, or to struggle”
Sunnah
Refers to the way Muhammad lived, which provides a model for the duties and the way of life expected of Muslims
Five Pillars of Islam
Are 5 acts of worship required of all Muslims
Abu Bakr
After Muhammad’s death, he became a leader of Islam; was one of Muhammad’s first co
Suleyman I
“The magnificent” ruled the Ottoman Empire and took control of the eastern Mediterranean
Shia
Muslims who thought that only Muhammad’s descendants could become caliphs
Sunni
Didn’t think caliphs had to be related to Muhammad
ibn battuta
Explorer who traveled to Africa, India, China, and Spain to help make more accurate maps available
sufism
The practice of focusing on spiritual issues, leading to this movement
omar khayyám
One of the most famous Sufi poets
patrons
Sponsors
minaret
A narrow tower from where Muslims are called to prayer
calligraphy
Decorative writing
janissaries
Slave soldiers; converted to Islam and became fierce warriors
caliph
A title that Muslims use for the highest leader of Islam
tolerance
Acceptance
