Chapter 12

Question 1

Older Apartment Buildings

Fire fighter safety

Answer 1

i. The lack of fire protection (no firestops)
ii. The building may have deteriorated from age and usage prior to the fire, creating a very unstable structure under the attack of flame.

Question 2

Older Apartment Buildings

Search and Rescue

Answer 2

. A visible life hazard upon arrival, such as people hanging out windows or coming down fire escapes, may indicate an even greater life hazard within the building that is not visible from the street.
ii. Such factors must be considered when making the decision to perform rescue operations before or simultaneously with stretching attack hose line.

Question 3

Older Apartment Buildings

Confinement/Extinguishment

Answer 3

i. Stretch hose line via the interior stairway to ensure protection of this vital stairway.
ii. For a basement fire, stretch the hose line through the front door to the cellar stairs.
iii. Commence VES operations

Question 4

Older Apartment Buildings

Ventilation

Answer 4

i. A vital function at older apartment fires is to ventilate the stairway.
ii. The company should then continue vertical ventilation by opening skylights and ventilation covers.
iii. After a hose line is in position and ready for the fire attack, horizontal ventilation can begin.

Question 5

Older Apartment Buildings

Overhaul

Answer 5

i. Because of the varied construction features, the fire may be in places that are not typically considered.
ii. The attic should always be checked for extension.
iii. If available, thermal imaging cameras should be put into operation to check for hot spots.

Question 6

Newer Apartment Building

Fire Fighter Safety

Answer 6

i. Potential difficulty in stretching needed hose line from the water source to the fire origin
ii. Performing large search and extinguishment operations can lead to fire fighter fatigue.

Question 7

Newer Apartment Building

Search and Rescue

Answer 7

i. Possibility for substantially more victims in larger apartments
ii. Marking apartments as they are checked confirms a search has been completed.
iii. Everyone on scene should be familiar with the marking methods.

Question 8

Newer Apartment Building

Confinement

Answer 8

i. The key is locating the fire and getting the hose line to the right area of the building in a reasonable amount of time.

Question 9

Newer Apartment Bui;lding

Extinguishment

Answer 9

i. Closely related to confining the fire
ii. A second hose line should be stretched to back up the first line and for possible use on the floor above the fire.
iii. If a stairwell is present, the hose line should be placed there.

Question 10

Fire Resistive Multiple Family

Fire fighter Safety

Answer 10

i. When using a standpipe, make sure enough fire fighters with enough hose proceed to the floor below the fire and make all the necessary hose line connections.
ii. Rapid fire spread is possible with this type of building.
iii. If using the elevator, stop at least two floors below the reported fire floor and take the stairs.

Question 11

Fire Resistive Multiple Family

Search and Rescue

Answer 11

. The floor above the fire generally does not become an exposure problem, but it must be searched.

ii. The greater emphasis on search and rescue must be made in the following locations:
(a) The apartment where the fire is located
(b) Common hallways and areas
(c) Stairways
(d) Adjoining apartments

Question 12

Fire Resistive Multiple Family

Confinement

Answer 12

i. Responding engines should take positions on fire hydrants near fire department connections and supply the system.
ii. Depending on staffing levels, the first-arriving engine companies should ensure that the first line gets put into operation.
iii. As engine companies hook up attack lines, ladder companies can attempt to locate the fire apartment.

Question 13

Row-Frame

Fire Fighter Safety

Answer 13

i. One of the greatest threats is underestimating the need for adequate personnel early in the incident.
ii. Accessing the roof should be attempted with an aerial or tower ladder if possible.
iii. Built-up gases in the cockloft can ignite, engulfing fire fighters on the top floor.
iv. Changes and developments should be reported to the IC as quickly as possible.

Question 14

Row-Frame

Confinement

Answer 14

i. To confine the fire in the place or apartment of origin, a smaller hose line is recommended for mobility and maneuverability.
ii. Additionally, stretch hose lines to the top floor of the fire building and the top floors of adjoining exposures as quickly as possible to prevent the fire from spreading to multiple buildings within the structure.

Question 15

Row-Frame

Extinguishment

Answer 15

i. The location of the fire dictates where the first hose line is stretched.
ii. Any hose lines stretched into row-frame dwellings must be long enough to cover the entire structure from the front to the rear of the building.
iii. Fire fighters advancing hose should also be equipped with tools to pull ceilings.

Question 16

Brownstone

Confinement and extinguishment

Answer 16

i. Speed of operation and determining fire location are critical.
ii. A 1½-inch or 1¾-inch hose line is generally sufficient for fire operations

Question 17

Garden Apartments

Confinement and extinguishment

Answer 17

i. Tactical objectives focus on confining the fire to the apartment of origin and controlling interior stairways.
ii. Exterior streams should be used to prevent the fire from spreading vertically outside the building.

Question 18

Older Apartment buildings

Access to the basement can be

Answer 18

Found using the staircase located under the main stairway inside the building

Question 19

Older Apartment Buildings

It is important to note that getting the initial hose lines

Answer 19

Between the buildings occupants and the fire may save more lives than trying to perform multiple rescues first

Question 20

Older Apartment buildings

It is recommended that a hose line be stretched

Answer 20

Via The interior stairway to the fire apartment to ensure protection of this vital stairway

Question 21

Older Apartment buildings

For a basement fire, it is crucial that the first house line is stretched

Answer 21

Through the front door to the cellar stairs to protect the interior hall for evacuating occupants

Question 22

Newer Apartment buildings

There are no interior stairs leading

Answer 22

To the basement. Access to the basement is through exterior courtyards and alleys

Question 23

Newer Apartment buildings

In a multiple family dwelling that has multiple wings and stairs, it is critical to determine which

Answer 23

Stairway provides direct access to the apartment on fire before the hose line and Crews are committed

Question 24

Newer Apartment buildings

A second hose line should

Answer 24

Always be stretched to back up the first line and for possible use on the floor above the fire or adjoining apartment

Question 25

Newer Apartment buildings | Fire in the basement, fire fighters should

Answer 25

Stretch the first hose line from the water source to one of the buildings exterior basement entrances, to the seat of the fire

Question 26

Newer Apartment buildings | Store fronts maybe located on the first floor. The first hose line should

Answer 26

Be stretched to extinguish the fire in the store, with the second hose line backing it up.

Question 27

Newer Apartment buildings | Using the adjoining stairway is

Answer 27

The preferred method of getting to the roof.

Question 28

Newer Apartment buildings | If a trench cut is made a hose line should be

Answer 28

Stretched to the roof to protect firefighters performing this difficult operation.

Question 29

Fire Resistive multiple family | The greater emphasis for search and rescue must be made on

Answer 29

The apartment where the fire located Common hallways and areas Stairways Adjoining apartments

Question 30

Brownstone | Fire can also extend horizontally via

Answer 30

The cockloft Common cellar beams Common cornices

Question 31

Brownstone | If the fire is in the cellar the first hose line is

Answer 31

Stretched through the first floor(basement) entrance to the stairs leading to the basement.

Question 32

Brownstone | If the fire is located in the basement, which is the ground floor, the first hose line is

Answer 32

Stretched to the second floor to protect the stairs from fire spread

Question 33

Brownstone | For a fire on the upper floors, a hose line is

Answer 33

Stretched up the front steps to the second floor for a direct attack on the fire