Chapter 12: Cell cycle & mitosis

Question 1

Explain what happens in the cell during each phase of the cell cycle (interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis)

1. What happens in the cell in INTERPHASE of cell cycle?

Answer 1

cell grows

copies its dna

and gets all the things it needs to divide.

Question 2

Explain what happens in the cell during each phase of the cell cycle
(interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis)

2. What happens in the cell in MITOSIS (cell division) of cell cycle?

Answer 2

the cell divides its copied dna

and other important stuff in to two new cells.

Question 3

Explain what happens in the cell during each phase of the cell cycle
(interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis)

3. What happens in the cell in CYTOKINESIS of cell cycle?

Answer 3

the 2 new cells separate.

each new cell now has everything it needs to grow and function.

Question 4

Explain what the cell is assessing at each cell cycle checkpoint
(G1, G2, MITOSIS)

1.In G1 (start checkpoint)

Answer 4

cell makes sure it’s big enough and has enough nutrients, to begin.

also checks for DNA damages

Question 5

Explain what the cell is assessing at each cell cycle checkpoint
(G1, G2, MITOSIS)

2.In G2 (DNA synthesis)

Answer 5

cell checks if all DNA is copied right during “INTERPHASE”.

also checks for damages

Question 6

Explain what the cell is assessing at each cell cycle checkpoint
(G1, G2, MITOSIS)

3.In M (MITOSIS)

Answer 6

cell divides

they make sure chromosomes are lined up correctly before splitting into new cells.

then splits

Question 7

Explain the regulation and roles of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases(CDKS) during cell cycle.

1.In G1

Answer 7

Cyclin indicates activation of CDKS to move and help cell grow.

Question 8

Explain the regulation and roles of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases(CDKS) during cell cycle.

2.In S (DNA REP.)

Answer 8

cyclin slows down

they help cdks make sure dna is copied correctly.

(if error they will stop and fix it)

Question 9

Explain the regulation and roles of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases(CDKS) during cell cycle.

3.In Mitosis(Cell division)

Answer 9

cycle indicates cdks to stop, to make sure all chromosomes are lined up before cell dividing.

and continues to divid, if everything is good.

Question 10

what is proto-oncogenes for the development of cancer?

Answer 10

they are like gas pedals in a car.

they cause cell division and growth.

but if mutated into oncogenes, it’s like gas pedal get’s “stuck”, causing cells to grow uncontrollably, leading to cancer.