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Bates Academy Block Test 3 > Chapter 12 Fire Systems > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Fire Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Accelerator

A

A device to speed the operation of the dry pipe valve by detecting the decrease in air pressure. It pipes air pressure below the clapper valve, speeding its opening.

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2
Q

Auxiliary Appliances

A

Another term for protective devices, particularly sprinkler and standpipe systems.

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3
Q

Deluge System

A

Protective system designed to protect areas that may have a fast spreading fire engulfing the entire area. All of its sprinkler heads are already open, and the piping contains atmospheric air. When the system operates, water flows to all heads, allowing total coverage. The systems uses a deluge valve that opens when a separate fire detections system senses the fire and signals the valve to open.

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4
Q

Dry Pipe System

A

Air under pressure replaces the water in the systems to protect against freezing temperatures. The sprinkler control valve uses a dry pipe valve to keep pressurized air maintained above with the supply water under pressure below the valve.

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5
Q

Exhauster

A

A device to to speed the operation of the dry pipe valve by detecting the decrease in air pressure. It helps bleed off air.

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6
Q

Fire Watch

A

An organized patrol of a protected property when the sprinkler system or other protection system is down for maintenance. Personnel from the property regularly check to make sure a fire has not started and assist in evacuation and prompt notification of fire department.

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7
Q

Life Safety

A

Term applied to the fire protection concept in which buildings are designed to allow for the escape of building occupants without injuries. Life safety usually makes the building more resistant, but this is not the main goal.

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8
Q

Local Application System

A

Designed to protect only a certain or local portion of the building, usually directly where the hazard will occur or spread.

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9
Q

Outside Stem and Yoke Valve (OS&Y)

A

Has a wheel on a stem housed in a yoke or housing. When the stem is exposed or outside, the valve is open. Also called an outside screw and yoke valve.

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10
Q

Post Indicator Valve (PIV)

A

A control valve mounted on a post case with small window, reading either “OPEN” or “SHUT”

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11
Q

Preaction System

A

Similar to the dry pipe and deluge. The system has a closed piping and heads with air under little or no pressure, but the water does not flow until signaled open from a separate fire detection system. The preaction valve then opens and allows water to flwo through the system to the closed heads. When an individual head is heat activated, it opens up and water attacks the fire. Usually used when fire can cause a large dollar loss.

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12
Q

Pressure-Regulating Device

A

Deigned to control the head pressure at the outlet of a standpipe system to prevent excessive nozzle pressure in hoselines. Some are field adjustable, whereas others are preset at the factory.

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13
Q

Residential Sprinkler System

A

Smaller and more affordable version of a wet or dry pipe sprinkler system designed to control the level of fire involvement such that residents can escape.

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14
Q

Retard Chamber

A

Acts to prevents false alarms from a sudden pressure surge in the water supply by collecting a small volume of water before allowing a continued flow to alarm the device. The water from a surge is drained from a small hole in the bottom of the collection chamber.

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15
Q

Sprinkler System

A

Protective system designed to automatically distribute water through sprinklers laced at set intervals on a system of piping, usually in the ceiling area, to extinguish or control the spread of fires.

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16
Q

Standpipe System

A

Piping systen that allows for the manual application of water in large buildings.

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17
Q

Total Flooding System

A

Used to protect an entire area, room or building, by discharging an extinguishing agent that completely fills or floods the area with the extinguishing agent to smother or cool the fire or break the chain reaction.

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18
Q

Wall Indicator Valve (WIV)

A

A control valve that is mounted on a wall in a metal case with a small window, reading either “OPEN” or “SHUT”

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19
Q

Water Columning

A

A condition in a dry pipe sprinkler system in which the weight of the water column in the riser prevents the operation of a dry pipe valve.

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20
Q

Wet Pipe Sprinkler System

A

Has automatic sprinklers attached to pipes with water under pressure all the time.

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21
Q

The two main suppression systems are?

A

Sprinklers and Standpipes

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22
Q

Extinguishing agents found in sprinkler systems are?

A

Wet chemicals, inerting gases, and halogenated agents.

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23
Q

What makes up the protective ensemble of buildings?

A

Detection systems, suppressions systems. and alarm systems.

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24
Q

What are used to notify people of a fire or potential problem?

A

Detection Systems, firefighters should treat all detection alarms as hostile until proven otherwise.

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25
Q

Which type of sprinkler head does not use a heat sensitive head?

A

Deluge

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26
Q

When were sprinkler originally designed?

A

1800’s

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27
Q

Two most common reasons for sprinkler failure?

A

improper maintenance and inadequate water supply due to human error.

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28
Q

Which fire in New York in 1911 led to sprinklers being viewed as life safety devices?

A

Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire

29
Q

The greatest number of structure fires, fire damage, firefighter and civilian fatalities occur in which type of structure?

A

Residential properties

30
Q

When were smoke detectors in residential homes become popular?

A

1970s

31
Q

When was the first standard on residential sprinklers developed?

A

1975

32
Q

Residential sprinklers main purpose is for..

A

Life safety NOT protection of property.

33
Q

Sprinkler systems are not totally effective on which type of fire?

A

Slow, smoldering fire that produces a lot of smoke and don’t have sufficient heat to activate the system.

34
Q

What are the 6 types of sprinkler systems?

A

Specialty, Wet Pipe, Dry Pipe, Deluge, Preaction, and Residnetial.

35
Q

In a wet pipe system when looking at the pressure gauge of the system vs. the pressure gauge of the supply, which on will read higher?

A

System side should read higher so the check valve closes will catch any pressure surges.

36
Q

How replaces activated heads?

A

Sprinkler maintenance specialist, not the fire department.

37
Q

What is added to wet pipe systems that are prone to cold temperatures?

A

Anti-freeze.

38
Q

When should a sprinkler system be shut down?

A

AFTER a fire has been completely extinguished or under control.

39
Q

In a dry pipe system when looking at the pressure gauge of the system vs. the pressure gauge of the supply, which on will read higher?

A

The air pressure gauge should read slightly lower than the water supply gauge.

40
Q

What do deluge systems include since most municipal water systems lack effective pressure to use entire system?

A

Fire pump to boost pressure.

41
Q

What does it take to activate a deluge system?

A

Multiple detectors (or multiple types as well) versus a single detector as in some systems.

42
Q

What is a “dead-man” switch on a deluge system?

A

When a warning for deluge is activated, a person has a certain amount of time to press a button which will prevent the deluge. The person has to hold that button until the system is reset.

43
Q

What are some difference between large systems and residential systems?

A

Not required to have FDC (some do however) and some use antifreeze in all parts of the system.

44
Q

What are the main and secondary water source for sprinkler systems?

A

Main: public or private water supply.
Secondary: Fire department connection via the pumper.

45
Q

What are the parts of piping in a system starting with the largest.

A

Riser, Feed Main, Cross Main, Branches

46
Q

When connecting to a siamese which should be utilized first and why?

A

Left port, incase you need to use spanner wrenches to tighten the coupling.

47
Q

Where are tamper alarms switches found?

A

On sides of PIV and WIV wheels which should be locked to prevent tampering.

48
Q

When the fire is out the first step to restore the system is to?

A

shut down any pumper supplying the system?

49
Q

The quickest way to stop water flow from a sprinkler head?

A

Use a stop, wedge, dowel or clamps.

50
Q

The other way to shut down a sprinkler system after extinguishment is to?

A

Shut down the PIV or OS&Y valve supplying it.

51
Q

Replacement of heads is recommended when after a system is shut down?

A

ASAP

52
Q

Standpipe Classification: Class 1

A

Designed for fire department use or trained fire brigade personnel. 2 1/2” outlets with a single standpipe flow of 500 gpm plus an additional 250 gpm for each riser. No hose provided found in stairwells on each floor or near exits.

53
Q

Standpipe Classification: Class 2

A

Designed for untrained building occupants, 1 1/2” outlet with 1” or 1 1/2” line provided. Minimum 100 gpm. Firefighters SHOULD NOT use hose provided, often not tested and no nozzle shut off.

54
Q

Standpipe Classification: Class 3

A

Used by either users of Class 1 and 2. Has both 1 1/2” (or 2 1/2” with reducer) and 2 1/2” ports. All flows are at the top outlet of a standpipe system with a residual pressure of 65 psi.

55
Q

Standpipes have a height limit of?

A

280 feet.

56
Q

If a water supply is provided on a standpipe system what needs to be in place?

A

Indicating valve, back flow preventers, and check valves.

57
Q

Water Gong

A

Local alerting system that indicates water flow in the system.

58
Q

Total flooding systems use which kind of extinguishing agents?

A

CO, inert gases, halon or clean agents, dry chemical, or foam.

59
Q

Which extinguishing agent is no longer produced due to the Montreal Protocol?

A

Halon gases, although there is a “critical use exception” which still allows its use.

60
Q

What are the responsibilities of of building owners, inspectors, and fire departments?

A

Building owners are responsible for maintainence of structure and systems, fire prevention does inspections, and departments do pre fire planning.

61
Q

In a “smart” system what is used to control system and fire alarm panel.

A

Annunciator panel.

62
Q

Standpipe operations start with what?

A

Establishing a water supply with a minimum of one hose line.

63
Q

Firefighters should only use the elevator if?

A

It has a firefighter control systems and you go two floors below the fire floor.

64
Q

Suggested standpipe pack is?

A

150 ft of 1 1/2” or larger, gated wye, 1 1/2” to 2 1/2” increaser, 5-10 ft of 2 1/2” hose, spanner, adjustable wrench, valve wheel.

65
Q

Who checks the fire annunciator panel when first crew arrives?

A

Officer to direct actions from there.

66
Q

Sprinkler systems are charged and maintained at what pressure?

A

150 psi

67
Q

“False alarm mentality”

A

Arbitrarily shutting off alarms to investigate activation zone.

68
Q

Breathing dry chemical can cause which condition?

A

Lung irritation

69
Q

Allowing air into a total flooding system can cause what?

A

Fire rekindle

Bates Academy Block Test 3 (5 decks)

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