Chapter 12 Key Terms & Information Flashcards
Covers all Key Terms listed in Chapter 12 (27 cards)
What was the Balfour Declaration.
a 1917 statement by British foreign secretary Alfred Balfour publicly supporting the creation of a Jewish homeland in Palestine
What was the Beer Hall Putsch?
a 1923 attempt by Adolf Hitler and his followers to take over the city of Munich
What is Collectivization?
the taking over of agriculture by a national government
What is Fascism?
a political movement focused on transforming citizens into committed nationalists striving for unity and racial purity to remedy a perceived national decline
What were the Five-Year Plans?
Domestic plans adopted by the Soviet Union in the 1930s to target industrial and agricultural output goals that were usually unrealistic
What were Flappers?
Woman of the 1920s who embraced an independent lifestyle while wearing shorter skirts and hairstyles
What is the Gold Standard System?
a monetary system in which the value of a country’s currency is tied directly to the value of gold
What is Gross Domestic Product
(GDP)
the value of all the goods and services a country produces in one year
What is Goumindang?
the Chinese Nationalist Party founded by Sun Yat-sen and later led by Chiang Kai-shek
What was the Irish-Free-State?
a state formed by the twenty-six southern counties in Ireland and later called Ireland
What was the Kellog-Briand Pact
a 1928 treaty signed by more than sixty countries to renounce war as a foreign policy tool
What was the League of Nations?
a multinational organization created by the 1919 Treaty of Versailles to promote the goal of collective security
What was the Long March?
a northward march of communist supporters led by Mao Zedong that saved them from extermination by the Guomindang
What is the Mandate System?
a system in which control of an area was transferred from one government to another under the oversight of the League of Nations
What is the New Deal?
a U.S. program of economic reform under Franklin Roosevelt that created work-relief programs
What was the New Economic Policy?
Lenin’s policy that introduced some aspects of capitalism in response to hardships and growing discontent among the Russian people
What was the New Negro Movement?
a movement that developed in the 1920s as African Americans agitated for increased civil rights
What was the Pan-African Movement?
a movement based on the idea that all people in Africa could work together to achieve greater independence
What are Reparations.
monetary payments to be made to the Allied nations by Germany to compensate for destruction they suffered in the war
What is the Salt-March
a two-hundred-mile march led by Mohandas (Mahatma) Gandhi in India in 1930 to protest the British prohibition on collecting salt and the heavy taxes on its purchase
What is the Schutzstaffel (SS)?
German Nazi paramilitary organization designed for security and intimidation
What was the Sinn Féin
a political party organized in 1905 that argued for greater sovereignty for Ireland
What is Socialist Realism?
an artistic movement in the Soviet Union that took the worker as a subject and was about patriotism as much as art
What is a Suffragist?
a person who protested in favor of women’s right to vote
