Chapter 12 Lesson 1

Question 1

What is natural selection?

Answer 1

A process where individuals with advantageous heritable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce

Question 2

What is genetic drift?

Answer 2

Random fluctuations in the frequency of gene variants in a population

Question 3

What is variation?

Answer 3

Differences between individuals within a species

Question 4

What is fitness?

Answer 4

An organism’s ability to survive and reproduce in its environment

Question 5

What is differential reproduction?

Answer 5

When some organisms in a population reproduce more successfully than others

Question 6

What is an adaptation?

Answer 6

The process where an organism becomes better suited to its habitat

Question 7

What goes on the pinky finger of evolution?

Answer 7

Genetic drift, changes in the gene frequency in a population

Question 8

What goes on the ring finger of evolution?

Answer 8

Mating, not random

Question 9

What goes on the middle finger of evolution?

Answer 9

Mutations

Question 10

What goes on the pointer finger of evolution?

Answer 10

Movement, gene flow, genes transfer between populations

Question 11

What goes on the thumb of evolution?

Answer 11

Natural Selection, adaptations changes the genes

Question 12

How do the five fingers of evolution cause changes in allele frequency?

Answer 12

When the population size shrinks, gene pool changes. When mating is random, allele frequency changes. When mutations occur, the genes change. When movement occur, genes go in and out of the gene pool. Natural selection causes adaptations which changes the genes

Question 13

How does natural selection differ from genetic drift?

Answer 13

They both are mechanisms of evolution, natural selection occurs when some individuals have traits that allow them to survive and reproduce more effectively, while genetic drift is a random process where allele frequencies change by chance