Chapter 12 (Molecular Biology of the Gene)

Question 1

Who investigated virulence of Streptococcus pneumonia?

Answer 1

Frederick Griffen

Question 2

Who discovered that DNA is the transforming substance?

Answer 2

Avery et al

Question 3

What is the process of copying a DNA molecule?

Answer 3

DNA Replication

Question 4

Each strand of the original double helix (parental molecule) serves as a template (mold or model) for a new strand in a daughter molecule?

Answer 4

Semiconservative Replication

Question 5

What primate places short primers on the strands to be replicated?

Answer 5

DNA

Question 6

What recognizes RNA and begins DNA synthesis?

Answer 6

Polymerase

Question 7

What controls the primary structure of a protein?

Answer 7

RNA

Question 8

What takes a message from DNA in the nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm?

Answer 8

Messenger (mRNA)

Question 9

What transfers the appropriate amino acid to the ribosomes?

Answer 9

Transfer (tRNA)

Question 10

What along with ribosomal proteins, make up ribosomes, where polypeptides are synthesized?

Answer 10

Ribosomal (rRNA)

Question 11

What consists of codons, each of which is a unique arrangement of three RNA nucleotides?

Answer 11

Genetic Code

Question 12

What builds an RNA strand in the 5’ to 3” direction that is complementary to DNA nucleotides?

Answer 12

RNA Polymerase

Question 13

What defines the start of transcription, the direction of transcription, and the strand to be transcribed?

Answer 13

Promoter

Question 14

What occurs as the RNA polymerase reads down the DNA template strand in the 3’ to 5’ direction and attaches complementary RnA bases?

Answer 14

Elongation

Question 15

What occurs when RNA polymerase to a DNA stop sequence?

Answer 15

Termination

Question 16

What is Pre-mRNA composed of?

Answer 16

Exons and Introns

Question 17

What is an enzyme made of RNA rather than just protein?

Answer 17

Ribozymes

Question 18

What uses a ribozymes to cut and remove the introns?

Answer 18

Spliceosome

Question 19

What is the opposite end of the tRNA contain?

Answer 19

Anticodon

Question 20

What predicts that the third position in the tRNA anticodon doesn’t obey the A-U/G-C configuration rule and can be variable?

Answer 20

Wobbly Hypothesis

Question 21

What is the field of studies on how proteins are made, function, and are modified by other organelles?

Answer 21

Proteomics

Question 22

Incorporating new nucleotides into DNA can provide it with the ability to code for a greater number of what?

Answer 22

Amino acids