Chapter 12: Pharmacology

Question 1

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The process by which medications travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream.

Answer 1

Absorption

Question 2

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The therapeutic effect of a medication on the body.

Answer 2

Action

Question 3

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An oral medication that binds and adsorbs ingested toxins in the gastrointestinal tract for treatment of some poisonings and medication overdoses.

Answer 3

Activated Charcoal

Question 4

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A medication that causes stimulation of receptors.

Answer 4

Agonist

Question 5

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A medication that binds to a receptor and blocks other medications.

Answer 5

Antagonist

Question 6

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A medication that is an antipyretic (reduces fever), analgesic (reduces pain), anti-inflammatory (reduces inflammation), and a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation (clumping).

Answer 6

Aspirin (Acetylsalicyclic Acid or ASA)

Question 7

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Conditions that make a particular medication or treatment inappropriate because it would not help, or may actually harm, a patient.

Answer 7

Contraindications

Question 8

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The amount of medication given on the basis of the patient’s size and age.

Answer 8

Dose

Question 9

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Administration of a medication by the EMT directly to the patient.

Answer 9

EMT-Administered Medication

Question 10

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Medications that enter the body through the digestive system.

Answer 10

Enteral Medications

Question 11

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A medication that increases heart rate and blood pressure but also eases breathing problems by decreasing muscle tone on the bronchiole tree.

Answer 11

Epinephrine

Question 12

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A semiliquid substance that is administered orally in capsule form or through plastic tubes.

Answer 12

Gel

Question 13

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The original chemical name of a medication; name is not capitalized.

Answer 13

Generic Name

Question 14

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An abnormally low blood glucose level.

Answer 14

Hypoglycemia

Question 15

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The therapeutic uses for a specific medication.

Answer 15

Indications

Question 16

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Breathing into lungs; a medication delivery route.

Answer 16

Inhalations

Question 17

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An injection into the muscle; a medication delivery route.

Answer 17

Intramuscular Injections

Question 18

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A delivery route in which a medication is pushed through a specialized atomizer called a mucosal atomizer device (MAD) into the naris.

Answer 18

Intranasal (IN)

Question 19

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An injection into the bone; a medication delivery route.

Answer 19

Intraosseus Injections (IO)

Question 20

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An injection directly into a vein.

Answer 20

Intravenous Injections (IV)

Question 21

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A substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain.

Answer 21

Medications

Question 22

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A miniature spray canister through which droplets or particles of medication may be inhaled.

Answer 22

Metered Dose Inhaler (MDI)

Question 23

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A device that is used to change a liquid medication into a spray and pushed into the naris.

Answer 23

Mucosal Atomizer Device (MAD)

Question 24

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A medication that increases cardiac perfusion by causing blood vessels to dilate; EMTs may be allowed to assist the patient to self-administer the medication.

Answer 24

Nitroglycerin

Question 25

# What phrase or word matches this definition? By mouth; a medication delivery route.

Answer 25

Oral

Question 26

# What phrase or word matches this definition? A simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the bloodstream.

Answer 26

Oral Glucose

Question 27

# What phrase or word matches this definition? Medications that may be purchased directly by a patient without a prescription.

Answer 27

Over The Counter Medications (OTC)

Question 28

# What phrase or word matches this definition? A gas that all cells need for metabolism.

Answer 28

Oxygen

Question 29

# What phrase or word matches this definition? Medications that enter the body by a route other than the digestive tract, skin, or mucous membrane.

Answer 29

Parenteral Medications

Question 30

# What phrase or word matches this definition? When the EMT assists the patient with the administration of their own medication.

Answer 30

Patient-Assisted Medications

Question 31

# What phrase or word matches this definition? When the EMT administers medication to themselves or to a partner.

Answer 31

Peer-Assisted Medications

Question 32

# What phrase or word matches this definition? Through the mouth; a medication delivery route.

Answer 32

Per Os (PO)

Question 33

# What phrase or word matches this definition? Through the rectum; a medication delivery route.

Answer 33

Per Rectum (PR)

Question 34

# What phrase or word matches this definition? The process by which a medication works on the body.

Answer 34

Pharmacodynamics

Question 35

# What phrase or word matches this definition? The study of the properties and effects of medications.

Answer 35

Pharmacology

Question 36

# What phrase or word matches this definition? The use of multiple medications on a regular basis.

Answer 36

Polypharmacy

Question 37

# What phrase or word matches this definition? Medications that are distributed to patients only by pharmacists according to the physician order.

Answer 37

Prescription Medications

Question 38

# What phrase or word matches this definition? Any effects of a medication other than the desired ones.

Answer 38

Side Effects

Question 39

# What phrase or word matches this definition? A liquid mixture that cannot be separated by filtering or allowing the mixture to stand.

Answer 39

Solution

Question 40

# What phrase or word matches this definition? Injection into the fatty tissue between the skin and muscle; a medication delivery route.

Answer 40

Subcutaneous Injections

Question 41

# What phrase or word matches this definition? Administration of a medication under the tongue.

Answer 41

Sublingual

Question 42

# What phrase or word matches this definition? A mixture of ground particles that are distributed evenly throughout a liquid but does not dissolve.

Answer 42

Suspension

Question 43

# What phrase or word matches this definition? The desired or intended effect a medication is expected to have on the body.

Answer 43

Therapeutic Effect

Question 44

# What phrase or word matches this definition? Lotions, creams, and ointments applied to the surface of the skin and affect only the area; a medication delivery route.

Answer 44

Topical Medications

Question 45

# What phrase or word matches this definition? The brand name that a manufacturer gives a medication; the name is capitalized.

Answer 45

Trade Name

Question 46

# What phrase or word matches this definition? Through the skin; a medication delivery route.

Answer 46

Transcutaneous (transdermal)

Question 47

# What phrase or word matches this definition? Actions that are undesirable but pose little risk to the patient.

Answer 47

Unintended Effects

Question 48

# What phrase or word matches this definition? Actions that can be harmful to the patient.

Answer 48

Untoward Effects

Question 49

# What phrase or word matches this definition? Any unwanted clinical results of a medication.

Answer 49

Adverse Effects

Question 50

# What phrase or word matches this definition? A medication used to treat infections caused by a bacterium.

Answer 50

Antibiotic

Question 51

# What phrase or word matches this definition? A medication that impairs the ability of blood to clot.

Answer 51

Anticoagulant

Question 52

# What phrase or word matches this definition? A medication used to treat infections caused by a fungus.

Answer 52

Antifungal

Question 53

# What phrase or word matches this definition? A medication that prevents blood platelets from clumping or sticking together.

Answer 53

Antiplatelet

Question 54

# What phrase or word matches this definition? The amount of time that clinical effects of a medication last.

Answer 54

Duration

Question 55

# What phrase or word matches this definition? The process of removing a medication or chemical from within the body.

Answer 55

Elimination

Question 56

# What phrase or word matches this definition? The original chemical name of a medication (in contrast with one of it proprietary or trade names); the name is not capitalized.

Answer 56

Generic Name

Question 57

# What phrase or word matches this definition? The amount of time from the administration of a medication to the onset of clinical effects.

Answer 57

Onset of Action

Question 58

# What phrase or word matches this definition? The point or period when the maximum clinical effect of a drug is achieved.

Answer 58

Peak

Question 59

# What phrase or word matches this definition? The processes that the body performs on a medication, including how it is absorbed, distributed, possibly changed, and eliminated.

Answer 59

Pharmacokinetics