chapter 12 psych

Question 1

personality

Answer 1

an individual’s consistent patterns of feeling, thinking, and behaving

Question 2

trait

Answer 2

relatively enduring characteristics that influence our behavior across many situations

Question 3

The “Big Five”

Answer 3

Extraversion, emotional stability, openness to experience, agreeableness, and
conscientiousness

Question 4

Psychoanalysis

Answer 4

based on the assumption that much mental activity is unconscious,
and the unconscious must be interpreted to understand people

Question 5

id

Answer 5

the component of personality that forms the basis of our most primitive
impulses

Question 6

ego

Answer 6

the largely conscious controller or decision-maker of personality

Question 7

superego

Answer 7

our sense of morality

Question 8

defense mechanism

Answer 8

unconscious psychological strategies used to cope with
anxiety and to maintain a positive self-image

Question 9

Psychosexual development

Answer 9

oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages

Question 10

Neo-Freudian theories:

Answer 10

based on Freudian principles that emphasize the role of the
unconscious and early experience in shaping personality but place less evidence on
sexuality as the primary motivating force in personality