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Psych 201 > Chapter 12: Social Psychology > Flashcards

Chapter 12: Social Psychology Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

KT: Agression

A

seeking to cause harm or pain to another person

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2
Q

KT: Altruism

A

people’s desire to help others even if the costs outweigh the benefits of helping

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3
Q

KT: Attitude

A

our evaluation of person, idea or object

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4
Q

KT: Attribution

A

a belief about the cause of a result

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5
Q

KT: Bystander Effect

A

witness/bystander does not volunteer to help victim/person in distress

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6
Q

KT: Cognitive Dissonance

A

psychological discomfort arising from holding two or more inconsistent attitudes/behaviors/cognitions

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7
Q

KT: Individualistic Culture

A

culture that focuses on individual achievement and autonomy

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8
Q

KT: Collective Culture

A

a culture that focuses on group more than on individual

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9
Q

KT: Romantic Love

A

relationship containing passion & intimacy

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10
Q

KT: Companionate Love

A

containing intimacy & commitment

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11
Q

Confederate

A

a participant in a study that is working with the researchers, unannounced to other participants

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12
Q

KT: Confirmation Bias

A

tendency to seek out information that supports our stereotypes and ignores information that is inconsistent with our stereotypes

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13
Q

KT: Conformity

A

change in a person’s behavior to go along with group even if he does not agree with group

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14
Q

KT: Obedience

A

change of an individual’s behavior to comply with a demand by an authority figure

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15
Q

KT: Compliabnce

A

going along with a request/demand even if you do not agree with it

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16
Q

KT: Diffusion of Responsibility

A

tendency for no one in a group to help because responsibility to help is spread throughout the group

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17
Q

KT: Stereotyping

A

holding a specific belief/assumption about individuals based solely on their membership in a group, regardless of their individual characteristics

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18
Q

KT: Prejudice

A

negative attitude & feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group

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19
Q

KT: Discrimination

A

negative action toward an individual as a result of one’s membership in a particular group

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20
Q

KT: Empathy

A

capacity to understand another person’s perspective to feel what they feel

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21
Q

KT: Foot-in-door technique

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A

persuader gets a person to agree to bestow small favor/buy small item only to later request larger favor/purchase

22
Q

KT: fundamental attribution error

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A

failure to recognize when a behavior of another is due to situational variables and state, not person’s trait/being

23
Q

KT: group polarization

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A

strengthening of an original group attitude after discussion of views within a group

24
Q

KT: groupthink

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A

modification of opinions of members of a group to align with what they believe is the group consensu

25
KT: in-group
group that we identify with/see ourselves as belonging to
26
KT: out-group
group that we view as fundamentally different from us
27
KT: in-group bias
preference for our own group over other groupws
28
KT: just-world hypothesis
belief that people get outcomes they deserve
29
KT: justification of effort
the harder something is, the more worth it holds
30
KT: persuasion
process of changing our attitude toward something based on some kind of communication
31
KT: prosocial behavior
voluntary behavior with intent to help others
32
KT: racism
against individual based solely on one's membership in a specific racial group
33
KT: reciprocity
give & take in relationships
34
KT: self-disclosure
sharing vulnerable private information
35
KT: self-fulling prophecy
expectation held by a person that alters his/her behavior in a way that tends to make it true
36
KT:self-serving bias
tendency to explain successes as due to disposition (internal characteristics) but to explain failures as due to situational (external characteristics )
37
KT: situationism
view that our behavior and actions are determined by our immediate environment and surroundings
38
KT: social facilitation
improved performance when an audience is watching versus when individual performs behavior alone
39
KT: social loafing
when someone exerts less effort towards end goal when working in a group because performance can't be evaluated separately from group
40
KT: social norm
group's expectation of what is appropriate and acceptable behavior for its members (how they're supposed to behave and think)
41
KT: social psychology
study of how the presence of others impacts how a person behaves and reacts
42
KT: social role
a pattern of behavior that is expected of a person in a given setting/group
43
List examples of Situational Influences on Behavior
people surrounding us, external factors
44
List examples of Dispositional Influences on Behavior
someone's naturally shy, more aggressive, more free thinking, etc.
45
Describe the fundamental attribution error
when someone attributes behaviors of someone else as being due to who the person is rather than an unknown external factor/situation
46
How do people's attitudes internally change through cognitive dissonance?
- can change behavior that doesn't align (stop smoking) - can change thoughts that don't align ( telling yourself that smoking is healthier if you use certain types of cigarettes) - can add a new thought (smoking is healthy for me if it keeps me from eating)
47
What is the importance of justification of effort?
48
What are the types of social influence?
Normative----> people conform to group norm to fit in to feel good or to be accepted by a group Informational---> people conform because they believe the group is competent and has correct information
49
What were the Stanley Milgram experiments and what were the implications?
shock experiment, most people chose to shock others due to being instructed to do so by an authority figure
50
Why do prejudice and discrimination exist?
51
What are some conditions that influence the formations of relationships?
52
What attracts people to each other?

Psych 201 (5 decks)

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