Chapter 13 Flashcards by Julianne Parker

Netherlands religious characteristics

The Calvinist Reformed Church = official church, tolerant, safe haven for Jews

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Emergence as Netherlands as a nation

Revolted against Spain, 1572

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Netherlands governmental system

Republic

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Reasons for Dutch economic prosperity and decline

High urban consolidation •Transformed agriculture
Extensive trade/finance
Overseas commercial empire

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William III of Orange

Stadtholder of Holland

* Led European coalition against France

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Characteristics of absolute rule

Divine right of kings

* Not dependent on the representative assemblies of the people

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Reasons for James I foreign policy

1604; made peace with Spain
1624; Parliament forces him to renew war with Spain
•Wouldn’t aid Protestants in 30 Years War

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The Petition of Right

1628; Charles asks to levy taxes, makes him sign the petition, Parliament = dissolved

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Consequences of religious policies of Charles I

1639-1640; Bishops’ War, Parliament is called, short and long parliament

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Facts about the English Civil War

The Militia ordinance forms Parliamentary army
Cavaliers vs. Roundheads
Gentleman’s warfare
New model army created

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England under Oliver Cromwell

Leader of Roundheads, New Model Army

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Two most important models of European political organization

Absolute monarchy

Parliamentary monarchy

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Characteristics and facts about James I, his rule and relationship with parliament

King of Scotland and England, absolutist, rarely called in parliament, pro-catholic

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Charles I’s extra parliamentary measures

Renewed taxes, quartered troops in home

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Long Parliament

1640-1660

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Treaty of Dover

1670; alliance with France against Netherlands

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The Test Act

1672; Protestant measure, civil/military officials pledge oath against Transubstantiation- stamp out Catholics

The Popish Plot

1678; Titus Oates, Protestant vs. Catholic distrust, lie that James and Charles’ wife will kill Charles

Declaration of Indulgence of 1687

Repeal of all religious test acts

Glorious Revolution

1688; William and Mary invade their own country

The Act of Settlement of 1701

English crown pass to Anne’s closest relative

The Act of Union of 1707

Forms UK, Anne Stewart = first monarch

Robert Walpole

First prime minister of England, 
Achieved:
Stability and peace
Expanded trade and navy 
Encouraged civil rights
Religious toleration

Cardinal Richelieu

Louis XIII chief minister, absolutism, crushed private armies and Protestant buildings, nobles = high status in court

Louis XIV and nobility

The Fronde (1649-52)- rebellion led by nobles

Louis XIV reign

1643-1715; longest ruling monarch in Europe

Significance of Versailles

Symbol of absolutism, 1/2 of treasury, 10,000 lived there

Louis XIV religious acts

1685; revocation of the Edict of Nantes

Symbolism of Louis XIV

The Sun King

Religious policies of Louis XIV

Jansenism, Augustinus, persecution of Protestants

Characteristics of Jansenists

Cornelius Jansen, opposition to dominance of Jesuits

Revocation of the Edict of Nantes

No schools/churches, ministers sent to exile, indentured servitude, children forced to be baptized Protestant freedoms revoked

Finance minister of Louis XIV

Jean-Baptiste Colbert, mercantile economic system

Wars during Louis XIV

1667-68; War of Devolution 1672-79; Franco-Dutch War 1689-97; Nine Years War 1701-14; War if Spanish Succession

War of Spanish Succession

1701-14; Philip V (Louis grandson) becomes King, Grand Alliance- England, Holland, HRE French lost every major battle

John Law and economics

The Mississippi Bubble, | Gold...Bonds...Stock...Paper money

Dynasties of central and Eastern Europe

Romanov, Habsburg, Hohenzollern

After reign of Ivan IV

Time of Troubles

Great Northern War

1700-21; Prussia vs. Sweden, take over Baltic

St. Petersburg

Modeled after Versailles

Reforms of Peter the Great

Administrative colleges Table of ranks Holy synod

Legacy of Peter the Great

Expanded Russian territory Modern army St. Petersburg Authority form nobles/military taken away