chapter 13 Flashcards
people differ In goals, and these differences reveal and are part of personality. focus on _____ w(what will you want to achieve and what will you sacrifice to get there).
intention
4 terms used for discussing personal goals in research
current concerns, personal strivings, personal projects, life tasks
people need meaning in lives, everyone is a scientist w the goal of understanding who you are, the world, predicting future, and controlling your life. people must find meaning and have a sense of anticipation of what happens next. to do that, need a set of rules and ideas we use to undersatnd the world (personal contstructs (like a schema) - blueprints we all have that differ). according to these constructs, we categorize people into lazy/hard working. altruist-egoist, all personality differences. in addition to having sense of explaining rule, people feel anxious when our constructs we have do not help us understand the future or unpredictable events. viewed psychoanalysis as effective.
devoted work to anxiety - the result of our personal constructs not being able to make sense of our circumstance
kellys personal construct theory
intelligence is a gift you are born with, you dont need formal school to do well on formal tests.
apittude view of intelligence
can gather info, can gather knowledge and can have more raw data to interpret world
achievement view of intelligence
refers to overall sense of ability, how you interpret things, how fast are you at making connections
g intelligence
people who are intelligent in specific things (math people)
domain specific intelligence
someone who is intelligent can apply cog skills and knowledge to solve problems, learn, achieve goals valued by person and culture. proposed 8 different kinds of intelligences
gardeners view of intelligence
strongly predicts life outcomes like occupational attainment, salary and marital quality. people who can regulate emotions are high in this. Coleman claimed that what we capture w trad methods of intelligence is that they measure school performance, not life performance. most people have an average level of intelligence, based on their level they can attain things that are important to them, 5% who do much better where in addition to being smart they can control, recognize and regulate and use emotion in interpersonal relationships. has 5 abilities.
emotional intelligence
5 specific abilities of emotional intelligence:
awareness of own feelings and body signals (cornerstone)
ability to regulate unwanted emotions
controlling impulses, delaying gratification and staying focused toward goals
decode social and emotional cues of others (empathy)
influence and guide others without anger or resentment
emotional intelligence ____% of top performers have high,EI is responsible for ______% of your job performance, people w high ei make _______$ more annually than lower
80, 58, 29,000
emotions are important ____ of behaviour, we would be bat at surviving and doing much with our lives if we didn’t have as they ____ us.
drivers, motivate
emotions include 3 components
1. _____
2._____
3.____
distinct subjective feelings or affects (happy, sad, anger)
bodily changes, usually in ns (heart rate, sweat, breath)
distinct action tendencies or increases in probabilities of certain behaviours
individual differences in emotions are _______, how people consider events. individual differences exist in how made (anxious/control perceive bad event as more negatively emotional significance)
appraisals
emotional ______ is our tendency to experience emotions that are stable over time (someone who experiences more + emotions daily represent this), emotional _______ are fleeting, temporary emo moment
trait, state
according to this approach of emo, there is a small amount of primary and distinct emotions. disagreement on what are primary, we must come up w traits that they would consider very important identifying primary emotions. lack of consensus due to different criteria in defining emotion ad primary - some use facial expression, motivation properties (approach vs avoidance)
categorical approach
focus on empirical research not theoretical criteria. conduct factor analyses w ratings and question what factors go together. consensus on 2 dimensions: pleasant/unpleasent and high/low arousal. dependent on where they fall
dimensional approach
circle w high or low activation/energy of emotion (y) and pleasant/unpleasent (x)- helps determine what emo research we can do to take categorical or dimensional
the affect circumflex
third way to explore emotions. _____ represents what emotions indicate to us, we have + or _ emotions, + - happiness and satisfaction are 2 categories w most interest (cog), or if predominance of positive emotions relative to negative ones (affective). big part of happiness means having a ____ view of yourself/world (inflated view of self and the world), positive illusion does foster happiness and life satisfaction.
content of emotional life, skewed,
does age impact happiness
40+ people are on average happier than those in their 20’s.
does gender impact happiness
avg no differences, but know women are more likely to be diagnosed w mood disorder
does martial status affect happiness
yes - married people are happier
does ethnicity affect happiness
predictive of happiness only in terms of natural resources, rights and multicultural societies, what state reflects here
does religion affect happiness
yes - not necessarily being religious but believing in a higher status leads to more happiness
