Chapter 13

Question 1

Relaxin

Answer 1

tissues relax causing the pelvis to relax

Question 2

Contractions have two functions

Answer 2

dilate the cervix and push the baby out

Question 3

At the end of pregnancy, what hormone is an increase

Answer 3

oxytocin receptors

Question 4

what do prostaglandins lead to

Answer 4

additional contractions

Question 5

Dilation

Answer 5

opening or enlargement of the external cervical os

Question 6

Lightening

Answer 6

the fetal presenting part begins to descend into the true pelvis; the uterus lowers and moves into a more anterior position

Question 7

Lightening decreases what symptoms? and increases what

Answer 7

decreases breathing difficulty, gastric reflux

increase in urination and vaginal discharge

Question 8

Bloody show

Answer 8

mucous plug that fills the cervical canal is expelled

Question 9

what is 34 0/7- 36 6/7

Answer 9

late preterm

Question 10

Nesting

Answer 10

energy level increases usually occur 24-48 hours before labor begins

Question 11

Braxton hicks contractions

Answer 11

Decreased by activity, voiding, eating, changing position, and increasing fluid intake.
if contractions last longer than 30sec and more then 4-6 times an hour call MD

Question 12

PROM

Answer 12

prelabor rupture of membranes; labor usually begins within 24 hrs, the barrier to infection is gone, the danger of cord prolapse if engagement has not occurred

Question 13

True labor

Answer 13

in the back, a regular contraction that doesn’t change with activity, become stronger, makes cervical changes

Question 14

5 p’s are

Answer 14

passageway, passenger, powers, position, and psychological

Question 15

Three names of true pelvis passageway

Answer 15

pelvic inlet, mid-pelvis, and pelvic outlet

Question 16

Mid-pelvis does what

Answer 16

compresses chest causing lung fluid and mucus to be expelled

Question 17

True pelvis lies

Answer 17

below linea terminals

Question 18

Pelvic shape; Gynecoid

Answer 18

true female pelvis, vaginal birth most favorable, inlet round & outlet roomy, O

Question 19

Anthropoid

Answer 19

common in men & nonwhite women 0

Question 20

Android

Answer 20

male shaped pelvis, labor is poor, leads to c section, heart shaped

Question 21

platypelloid

Answer 21

less common, c section required flat,

Question 22

effacement

Answer 22

the cervix thins to allow presenting part to descend

Question 23

Passenger: fetal head

Answer 23

largest fetal structure

Question 24

Molding

Answer 24

overlapping of cranial bones

Question 25

Caput succedaneum

Answer 25

fluid collects over scalp crosses suture lines

Question 26

cephalohematoma

Answer 26

blood collected beneath the scalp doesn't cross suture lines

Question 27

Anterior fontanelle

Answer 27

"soft spot" diamond-shaped 1- 4cm, closes between 12- 18 months

Question 28

Posterior fontanelle

Answer 28

back of the head, triangular, 1-2cm and closes at 8-12 weeks

Question 29

Fetal attitude

Answer 29

posturing flexion or extension

Question 30

fetal lie

Answer 30

relationship of a fetal spine to the maternal spine, longitudinal 11 and parallel +

Question 31

Fetal presentation

Answer 31

the body part that enters the pelvic inlet first, cephalic, breech, and shoulder

Question 32

explain vertex, brow, face and military

Answer 32

vertex is back of the head, brow eyebrow coming first, face coming first and the military is straight

Question 33

sign for shoulder dystocia

Answer 33

turtle sign

Question 34

Fetal position

Answer 34

right or left, presenting part and presenting part in relate to the anterior position of mother, LOA and ROA most favorable

Question 35

Fetal station

Answer 35

0= ischial spine - is above spine + below

Question 36

Engagement

Answer 36

head through inlet or 0 station

Question 37

floating

Answer 37

when engagement has not occurred

Question 38

cardinal movements of labor

Answer 38

Every, Darn, Fool, In, Egypt, Eats Raw, Eggs | engagement, descent, flexion, internal rotation, extension, external rotation, expulsion

Question 39

Powers: cervical canal 2cm, 1cm and 0cm

Answer 39

0% effaced, 50%, 100%

Question 40

Contractions have three phases

Answer 40

increment, acme Peak, decrement

Question 41

Frequency

Answer 41

How often, measured from the start of one contraction to the next.

Question 42

Duration

Answer 42

how long contraction lasts, measured from the start of one to end of the contraction

Question 43

intensity

Answer 43

Strength measured internal uterine cath.mild= nose, moderate= chin, sever= head

Question 44

requirements for induction

Answer 44

-2 station, 3 cm, high risk for c section

Question 45

what intensity causes cervical changes

Answer 45

30 promote but high will do real work

Question 46

stages of labor

Answer 46

first, second, third, fourth

Question 47

the first stage has three phases

Answer 47

``` latent = 0-3, 0%-40%, 5-10mins, 30-45 sec, mild(longest) Active= 4-7, 40%-80%, 2-5min, 45-60sec, moderate transition= 8-10, 80%-100%, 1-2min, 60-90sec, strong(shortest) ```

Question 48

first stage

Answer 48

starts with first true contraction and ends with full dilation

Question 49

second stage

Answer 49

starts with full dilation and ends with the birth of newborn; pelvic phase head of the fetus is rotating and descending Perineal phase strong urge to push

Question 50

third stage

Answer 50

birth of a newborn to the birth of the placenta

Question 51

Blood loss

Answer 51

500 for vaginal and 1000mL for c section

Question 52

fourth stage

Answer 52

expulsion of placenta adjustment of mother

Question 53

shiny Schultz

Answer 53

the shiny grey side of the placenta

Question 54

dirty Duncan

Answer 54

the red- raw side

Question 55

crowning

Answer 55

fetal head no longer regresses with contractions